Orgo Chapter 18 Reactions at the α Carbon of Carbonyl Compounds
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25 Terms
Direct Nucleophilic Attack
Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution
α-Hydrogens Are Acidic
Enolate Ions Are Resonance Stabilized
Conjugate Base of Both Forms
Tautomer Ratios in Solution
Conjugation Favors the Enol
Base-Catalyzed Enolization
Acid-Catalyzed Enolization
α-Halogenation
Base-Promoted Halogenation
Acid-Promoted Halogenation
Haloform Reaction
Conversion to α-Hydroxy Acids
Conversion to α-Amino Acids
Equilibrium Direction Depends on Base
Kinetic Versus Thermodynamic Enolates
Kinetic Enolate Formation
β-Carbonyl Group Increases Acidity
Weaker Bases Can Be Used
Enolate Resonates Through Both
Carbonyls
Useful β-Dicarbonyl Compounds
β-Keto Ester Alkylation
Dialkylation
Active Hydrogen Compounds
