WWI, Russian Revolution & WWII Review Guide

A set of vocabulary flashcards based on a review guide for WWI, the Russian Revolution, and WWII, covering key leaders, events, and military strategies.

Nationalism

Extreme pride and loyalty to one’s country.

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

His assassination helped spark World War I.

Alliance System

A system in which countries agreed to protect one another.

Militarism

The belief in building up a strong military and being prepared for war.

Allied Powers

The WWI coalition that included countries like Great Britain, France, and Russia.

Central Powers

The WWI alliance consisting of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire.

Imperialism

The policy of stronger nations taking control of weaker regions.

Tsar Nicholas II

The leader of Russia who abdicated during the Russian Revolution.

Vladimir Lenin

The leader who helped bring communism to Russia after the revolution.

Woodrow Wilson

The U.S. president who proposed the $14$ Points.

Treaty of Versailles

The treaty that officially ended World War I and required Germany to pay reparations.

Zimmermann Telegram

A message that encouraged Mexico to attack the United States during World War I.

Western Front

The region where trench warfare was most common during WWI.

Schlieffen Plan

Germany’s plan to quickly defeat France before turning to fight Russia.

Machine gun

A new technology that made World War I fighting extremely deadly.

Chemical warfare

A method of fighting banned after WWI and now considered a war crime.

19th-century tactics and 20th-century technology

A combination used to describe the nature of World War I fighting.

Reparations

The payments Germany was forced to make as a major effect of the Treaty of Versailles.

League of Nations

An international organization that the United States did NOT join after World War I.

Russian Revolution

The event that caused Russia to leave World War I.

Invasion of Poland

The action taken by Germany in $1939$ that began World War II.

Blitzkrieg

Germany’s fast-moving style of warfare, also known as lightning war.

Adolf Hitler

The leader of Nazi Germany during World War II.

Benito Mussolini

The fascist dictator of Italy during World War II.

Joseph Stalin

The leader of the Soviet Union during WWII.

Franklin D. Roosevelt

The U.S. president during most of World War II.

Winston Churchill

The British Prime Minister who inspired resistance against Germany.

The Holocaust

The systematic murder of $6$ million Jews by the Nazi regime.

Battle of Midway

A turning point in the Pacific War during WWII.

Battle of Stalingrad

A major turning point in Europe where Germany suffered a huge defeat.

D-Day

The Allied invasion of Normandy in $1944$.

Axis Powers

The WWII alliance of Japan, Germany, and Italy.

Island Hopping

The U.S. strategy used in the Pacific to defeat Japan.

Pearl Harbor

The site of the attack that brought the United States into World War II.

Soviet Union

The region Hitler invaded, which is considered his greatest military mistake.

Two-front war

The type of conflict Germany was forced to fight following the Allied invasion on D-Day.

Atomic bombs

Weapons dropped by the United States on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to end the war with Japan.

Kristallnacht

An example of state-sponsored violence against Jewish businesses and people.

Concentration camps

The locations General Eisenhower described when soldiers discovered what the Nazis had done.

Unemployment

A factor that, along with the Treaty of Versailles, led to the rise of Nazism during the Great Depression.