A&P 1: JOINTS & MOVEMENTS

Joints are part of the ___________ system, and are integral to the body's structural __________ stability as well as its ability to move.

Muscuskeletal , stability

Joints are classified on the basis structure and function. List three STRUCTURAL components.

1) Fibrous

2) Cartilaginous

3) Synovial

Joints are classified on the basis structure and function. List three FUNCTIONAL components.

1) Synarthrosis = non movable (still; ex: skull sutures)

2) Amphiarthrosis = slightly movable (a little bit; ex: your pubic bone or joints between your ribs)

3) Diarthrosis = freely moveable (your shoulder, knee, and hip joints)

The suffix -osis means "condition," "disease," "abnormal increase," or "process".

Name some characteristics of fibrous joints

Exhibit little to no movementand have no joint cavity. They are united by fibrous connective tissue.

Commen examples include SUTURES → skull bones joined together, SYNDESMOSES → bones connected by a ligament or interosseous membrane (radius-ulna, tibia-fibula), and GOMPHOSIS → which are a periodontal ligament that hold your teeth in place.

Name some characteristics of cartilaginous joints.

Cartilaginous joints unite two bones by pad of cartilage. There are two kinds.

SYNCHONDROSES → Joined by hyaline cartilage. Enable little to no movement. They are temporary because they can be replaced by synostoses.

SYMPHYSIS → Joined by uniting one or more fibrocartilage. Slightly movable

Note: when you see the word chondrocytes, think cartilage.

Epiphyseal plates, first sternocostal joint, and spheno-occipital joint are examples of which cartilaginous joint (synchondroses/symphyses/ or synovial?

Synchondroses

Pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs, manubriosternal joints are examples of which cartilaginous joint (synchondroses/symphyses/ or synovial?

Symphyses

Cartilaginous synovial joints contain ______, and allow for considerable movement. Most joints of the ________ skeleton are synovial joints

1. Fluid

2. Appendicular

What structures make up a synovial joint?

Articular cartilage – hyaline cartilage covering bone ends

Joint cavity – contains synovial fluid

Fibrous capsule – outer layer of dense irregular connective tissue

Synovial membrane – inner layer that produces synovial fluid

Synovial fluid – lubricates and nourishes the joint