הגדלה שפירה וממאירה של הפרוסטטה

prostate

responsible for creation of the sperm fluid and the PSA protein. around it there are a lot lymph nodes

BPH

the prostate is enlarged and pushes into the urethral space

אירטטיביות

complaints of the need to urinate very frequently. Inability to hold in urine even for a short period. complaints of nocturia

signs of BPH

urinary retention, UTI, need to constantly urinate, anorexia, fatigue, kidney failure

digital rectal exam, TRUS, biopsy, PSA levels, urodynamics

methods of diagnosis of BPH

PSA

a protein that is found in the sperm fluid that keeps the sperm in a fluid state. increased levels can be a sign of a prostate tumor

reasons for high PSA levels

tumor, UTI, vigorous exercise, medications, prostate stimulation

non surgical treatment of BPH

catheter, alpha antagonists, alpha reductase inhibitors, TRUS, change in lifestyle

Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP)

surgical treatment of BPH. insertion of a thin tube into the prostate. It creates an electrical loop around the tumor and allows it to be cut and removed

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT)

burning with heat the prostate tumor

Robot assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy

treatment of BPH. the whole prostate is removed along with the epididymis. after the sugery the patient will have a catheter and a drain

complications of RALP

infection, damage to surrounding organs, sterility, nerve damage, problems controlling urine release

HOLEP

treatment of BPH that uses a laser on an endoscope to remove the tumor layer of the prostate without making any cuts in the body. It is the method of treatment of choice for BPH

TUR syndrome

rare complication of HOLEP surgery caused by use of glycine when washing the cut tissue. It will cause symptoms of a glycine overdose

risk factors for prostate cancer

BRCA 1 and 2, age above 65, red meat, fatty foods, hormonal imbalances

DRE, PSA, TRUS, biopsy

methods of diagnosis of prostate cancer

Gleason score

score used to measure grading of prostate cancer

radical prostatectomy, radiation, hormonal treatment, chemotherapy and radiation

treatment of prostate cancer