NC Pesticide License

A product which by law may be sold of applied only by certified applicators or persons under their direct supervision is a

restricted - use pesticide

A private applicator may be a

All/ Any of the above

To become re-certified, you can

retake the certification exam or complete the required continuing education classes for recertification

A commercial applicator

Is anyone who uses or supervises the use of any pesticide on someone else’s property for compensation or is required to be licensed with the NCDA&CS

General-use pesticides are

Pesticides that have less potential to cause harm to humans or the environment

Licensees and Certified Structural Pest Control Applicator have a ___ certification period

5 years

To perform pest control services for hire, a certified structural pest control applicator must work for a ____ pest control

Licensed

What is a pesticide

Any substance used to prevent, destroy, repel, or mitigate pests. Includes:

• Insecticides

• Herbicides

• Fungicides

• Rodenticides

Public Operator

Anyone who applies or supervises the application of pesticides for government agencies. Also, includes Public utility employees.

Pesticide Dealer

Any individual who sells restricted-use pesticides to certified or licensed end-users.

Arial Applicator

Any individual who applies pesticide by aircraft

Pest Control Consultant

Anyone who, for fee, offers or supplies technical advice, supervision, or recommends the use of specific pesticides

The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)

Regulates the production, transportation, sale, use, and disposal of all pesticides

The EPA is responsible for:

• Registering or authorizing pesticide products for use in the US

• Required to reevaluate older pesticides to ensure they meet more recent safety standards

• states, tribes, and territories are required to establish programs to protect workers and provide training and certifications for applicators

• has the authority to stop the sale of use of any pesticide

• can issue removal orders and seize products to keep them out of market

True or False: All label statements have the force of law

True

All pesticides are classified:

according to their potential hazards

The EPA classifies a pesticide as restricted use if:

the pesticide might result in an unreasonable adverse effect on human health and/or the environment even when used according to label directions

Restricted-use pesticides (RUP)

may be sold only by licensed pesticide dealers to certified/licensed pesticide applicators

The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA)

governs the establishment of pesticide tolerances for food and feed products

A tolerance is:

the maximum level of pesticide residues allowed in or on human food and animal feed

PHI

pre-harvest interval

Food Quality Protection ACT (FQPA) of 1996

established a health based standard to be used when assessing the risk of pesticide residues in food or feed

requires the EPA establish a tolerance based on a reasonable certainty that no harm results from all combined sources of exposure to pesticides and that the EPA review all old pesticides to make sure that the residues allowed on food meet the new safety standardsW

Worker Protection Standard (WPS)

a regulation aimed at protecting employees on agricultural establishments from occupational exposure to pesticides

Major Provisions of the WPS

• Provide pesticide safety training to workers and hanlders

• Provide PPE

• Post warnings or give oral notification to inform employees of pesticide applications, restricted entry intervals, and restricted areas

• Provide central areas where; emergency medical information, pesticide-specific information is accessable

• Provide ample decontamination supplies

• Make emergency transportation available

Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) requires employers to:

• Make a list of hazardous chemicals in the workplace

• Get a MSDS for all hazardous materials on the list

• Ensure all containers of hazardous materials are properly labeled at all times

• Train all workers about the hazardous materials in the work place

• Keep a file on the hazardous materials and make it available to workers

Endangered Species ACT (ESA)

federal law administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, makes is illegal to kill, harm, or collect endangered or threatened wildlife or fish or to remove endangered or threatened plants from areas under federal jurisdiction

North Carolina Pesticide Law of 1971 (NCPL)

establishes pesticide management programs that are designed to regulate the registration, handling, storage, and disposal of pesticides as well as the certification and licensing of pesticide applicators, consultants, and dealers

List of animals that may be controlled with pesticides in accordance with the label

• Black or roof bat

• Norway rat

• Pine vole

• House mouse

• Mole (except star-nosed)

• Boat-tailed grackle

• Common grackle

• Pigeon

• Brown-headed cow bird

• English sparrow

• Red-wing and common black bird

• Gulls (special permit, airports only)

• Starling

Which federal agency is responsible for registering pesticide products for use in the United States

EPA

Which federal law requires the EPA to set pesticide tolerances for food and feed products

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA)

Which statement about FIFRA is false

State restrictions on pesticides can be less strict than those of FIFRA

The NCPL of 1971 regulates the following

• Registration of pesticides

• Handling of pesticides

• Storage of pesticides

• Disposal of pesticides

All of the above

When storing pesticides in NC which of the following is FALSE

If the container is leaking, it is acceptable to transfer the pesticide into a new, unlabeled container

In NC it is illegal to use a pesticide to kill which of these vertebrate animals

Canada Goose

What are thresholds

pest population levels at which you should take pest control action to prevent pest in an area from causing unacceptable injury or harm

Economic Threshold (ET)

when the cost of treatment can be justified to keep it from reaching the economic injury level (EIL)

Natural control measures

measures or forces may stop or destroy pest without human interference; wind, temperature, sunshine, rain, or topographic features

Applied controls

biological, mechanical, cultural, physical, genetic, regulatory, and chemical,

Biological controls

using natural enemies such as predators, parasites, and pathogens to control or suppress pests

Example of biological control species

• Predators: lady beetles and praying mantids

• Parasites: parasitic wasps

• Pathogens: soil bacteria that feed on beetle grubs

Cultural control

designed to alter the environment or the condition of the host plant of site to prevent or suppress an infestation

Natural resistance

certain plant varieties are naturally resistant to certain insects, pathogens, or nematodes and many plants repel various types of pests

Genetic resistance

sometimes plants and animals can be bred or selected to resist specific pest problems

Quarantine

is intended to keep pest from entering pest free areas

Large-scale eradication

programs are usually coordinated by government agencies to eliminate introduces pests that pose a public health or economic threat

Advantages of chemical control

• Pesticides are usually effective - at least upon application

• Pesticides usually work quickly. Pest damage may stop or the pest may be destroyed within a few hours or within a few days or weeks. A fungicide may provide immediate, short-term protection against microorganisms

• In the short term pesticides may cost less that other control options

Chemical disadvantages

• Over long-term pesticides may lose their effectiveness. pest may develop resistance when exposed repeatedly

• Pesticides may be harmful to non-target species

• Pesticides may move offsite due to drift, runoff, and cause environmental problems and endanger people or other species

• Customers sometimes expect the pest control professional to apply a chemical pesticides, even when making the site or the target species less attractive to pests might be a longer-lasting solution

Using barriers to prevent pests from getting into an area is an example of which type of pest management method?

Mechanical Control

Lowering humidity of stored grains and other food products to reduce damage from mold is an example of which type of pest management method?

Physical/environmental modification

Which statement is TRUE about biological control methods?

Modifying the environment to enhance natural enemies is a recommended practice in biological control

Which statement about cultural control practices is TRUE?

Cultural practices alter the environment, the condition of the host, or the behavior of the pest to prevent or suppress an infestation

Which statement is about regulatory pest control is TRUE?

Airports and ocean ports an monitored by pest quarantine regulatory agencies

Which statement about pest management strategies in IPM is TRUE?

The goal is often to maintain pest damage at economically acceptable levels

Which would be considered a preventive pest management strategy?

Planting weed- and disease free seed

Which statement about action thresholds is TRUE?

The action threshold for a pest may be set at zero pest population density

What tells you that the product is registered with the EPA?

EPA Registration Number

What tells you where the product was packaged or produced?

EPA Establishment Number

Can anyone purchase NOMO’TODES 3E from a local agrichemical dealership?

No, it is a restricted-use pesticide

The signal word on the label is DANGER. What does this indicate about the acute toxicity of the product?

It is highly toxic

If the label contained the word POISON and skull and crossbones symbol plus the word DANGER, how would the meaning change?

It is highly toxic by any route of entry into the body

If someone swallows this product, what first aid should be administered?

Rinse out mouth and give water in small sips

Gloves made of what material SHOULD be worn with this product?

Barrier Laminate

What is the trade name of this product?

NOMO’TODES 3E

If you are applying NOMO’TODES close to a pond, what precautions would you want to take to prevent drift?

Use a coarse spray directed at soil

Once you have applied NOMO’TODES what are your irrigation requirements

The total irrigation requirements must be completed within six hours of the application

How would you dispose of a plastic, non-refillable container?

Triple rinse, recycle or puncture before disposal

What does the 3E stand for in the trade name?

Three pounds of active ingredient per gallon of emulsifiable concentrate

The name Sevin 5G on a pesticide label indicates?

A granular pesticide with 5 percent active ingredients

Which of these formulations forms a suspension that requires constant agitation when mixed with water?

wettable powder

Which is a disadvantage of both EC and concentrate formulations?

Solvents may cause rubber or plastic hoses, gaskets, and pump parts and surfaces to deteriorate

Which type of dry/solid pesticide formulation consists of particles that are the same weight and shape?

Pellets

Which dry/solid formulation is mixed in water and reduces the risk of inhalation exposure during mixing and loading?

Water-dispersible granules (WDG) or dry flowables (DF)

Which is an advantage of microencapsulated materials?

Delayed or slow release of the active ingredient prolongs their effectiveness

Which types of adjuvant functions as wetting agents and spreaders (by physically altering the surface tensions of spray droplets)

Surfactants

What characteristics of a pesticide makes it likely to move with water in surface runoff?

High solubility

Which of these may be a cause of non-point-source pollution?

Pesticides that dissolve and leach through the soil after rainfall

Which of these soil types is most likely to experience leaching?

Sandy soil, low organic matter, where groundwater is shallow

What two factors are most important in reducing spray drift?

Droplet size and wind conditions

What two factors are most important in relation to vapor drift?

Temperature and pesticide volatility

What statement is TRUE about protecting bees from pesticide injury?

Applying pesticides in the evening or during early morning is recommended

What label statement will be on pesticides that might harm endangered species?

Advice to consult a country bulletin to determine what special precautions to take when using the product

Pest Persistence

The ability of an insect, fungus, weed, rodent, or other pest to tolerate that once controlled it.

Solubility

A soluble pesticide dissolves easily in liquid, usually water.

Adsorption

The process of binding of pesticide to soil particles

Volatility

The tendency of a pesticide to turn into a gas or vapor

Particle drift

refers to small particles (spray, granulates, dust, etc.) of pesticide spray being carried off-site by air movement during pesticide applications

temperature inversion

happens when cooler air at ground level is trapped by warmer air above so that air moves sideways but not vertically

Vapor drift

the movement of pesticides as gaseous vapors

Point-source pollution

comes from a single, identifiable place or event

Non-point source water pollution

happens when pesticides move into waterways or groundwater following applications to a broad area like a lawn, field, golf course or right-of-way

Groundwater

is found underground in cracks in the bedrock and in the spaces between soil particles, gravel, and rocks.

Saturated zone

The layer of soil, sand, gravel or fractured bedrock in which all available spaces are filled with water

Water table

The boundary between the saturated zone and the overlying unsaturated rock and soil

Sensitive areas

Includes sites where people, animals, plants, and habitats could easily be injured by a pesticide

What characteristics of a pesticide makes it likely to move with water in surface run-off?

High solubility

Which of these may be a cause of non-point source pollution?

Pesticides that dissolve and leach through the soil after a rainfall

Which of these soil types is most likely to experience leaching?

Sandy soil, low in organic matter, where groundwater is shallow

what two factors are most important in reducing spray drift?

Droplet size and wind conditions

What two factors are most important in relation to vapor drift?

Temperature and pesticide volatility

Which statement is TRUE about protecting bees from pesticide injury?

Applying pesticides in the evening or during early morning is recommended