Week 7 P1

Political ideologies

coherent structues of beliefs that shape how political parties position themselves across related issues, frameworks that bind seperate issues together

Left

greater state intervention, expanded social welfare, economic regulation, progressive taxation

Right

free markets, limited government, economic deregulation, lower taxation

Social cleavage

long-lasting social division that binds people together through shared identity and organisation, shapes political conflict across generations, important when differ between parties and issue is salient

social - group, strata

basic characteristics of human condition, social classes, religions, languages, ethnicity

Cultural - values, belief, trust

collective identity, feeling, solidarity, loyalty, belonging within the group

organisations

characteristic which organisations are created, such as churches, trade unions

Lipset and Rokkan

cleavage are historically socially determined social or cultural line, divide citizens into groups, becomes polarised and form new political parties, old ones can become less relevant and new can emerge

party-cleavage connection example

national revolution, state vs church, religious parties