progressive era

How did the gilded age lead to the progressive era?

People were unhappy with how business owners controlled the government and wanted more say and fairer living.

Populist Movement

Work of poor farmers to attempt to make better life. Failed as it was too progressive, no support from upper/middle classes

Progressive Era

Focused by factory workers in cities, more education. Less progressive than the Populist Movement, allowing support of upper/middle classes.

Goals of progressivism

Reduce power of companies, improve quality of life of ordinary people

Florence Kelley

Social reformer for shorter hours, higher wages, and abolishing child labor

Prohibition

Banning of alcohol that was later repealed

Woman’s Christian Temperance Union

Advocated for the banning of alcohol, and worked for other social reforms

Anti-Saloon League

Bipartisan group that advocated for the banning of alcohol

Problems with cities

Cramped, dirty, polluted, full of crime

Settlement House Movement/Social Gospel Movement

Creation of homes to help with education, food, healthcare, and other social needs

Jane Addams & Hull House

Very large settlement house that helped immigrants

Political Bosses

Business owners who controlled the government via bribes

Local reform

Changing to council manager form of government, where a board selects a council selects a single person who appoints a board of qualified managers

State Reform & Robert LaFollette

Allowed people to select ballot rather than party insiders

Election Reform - Initiative, Referendum and Recall

Initiative - Voters can submit own laws
Referendum - Voters can change existing laws
Recall - Voters can repeal laws implemented by legislature

17th Amendment

Senate is voted by popular vote and not by state legislature

Women in the workforce

Roles of women are now more involved in farming, domestic, and industry

Women’s suffrage 3 part strategy

State legislatures grant women the right to vote
Pursue court cases to test the 14th amendment
National Consitutional Amendment

19th Amendment

Gave women the right to vote

Lewis Hine’s Photographs

took photographs of terrible working conditions to expose how bad they were

Keating-Owen Act of 1916

Prohibited transportation of items made by child labor across state lines

Muller vs. Oregon

Limited women to 10 hour workday

Sherman Antitrust Act

Allowed for the president to break up monopolies

Fair Labor Standards Act

Helped workers by giving them more rights

FDA

Set standards for food

Teddy Roosevelt

Helped stop monopolies through antitrust, and created the national parks system

The Square Deal

Roosevelt’s plan:
Control Corporations
Protect people
Conserve Nature

William Taft

New Nationalism - less progressive than Roosevelt. Worked to stop corporations and protect workers via 8 hour work day

Woodrow Wilson

New Freedom - Less progressive, but still worked to stop monopolies, but this time by encouraging competition