Acquiring Medical Language Chapter 9

valvul/o

Valve

atri/o

atrium (upper chamber)

sept/o

septum (plural: septa)

ventricul/o

ventricle (lower chamber)

cardi/o

Heart

coron/o

Heart

angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o

vessel

aort/o

aorta

arteri/o

artery

ather/o

fatty plaque

phleb/o, ven/o

vein

angina pectoris

pain in the chest caused by irregular blood flow to the heart

arrhythmia

irregular heartbeat

dysrhythmia

irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia is more common)

palpitation

rapid or irregular beating of the heart

pectoralgia

chest pain

aortalgia

pain in the aorta

diaphoresis

profuse sweating

hemorrhage

loss of blood

phlebalgia

pain in a vein

endocardium

tissue lining the inside of the heart

epicardium

heart muscle tissue

pericardium

tissue around the heart

bradycardia

slow heartbeat

cardiomegaly

enlarged heart

cardiotoxic

poisonous to the heart

cyanosis

bluish appearance to the skin- a sign that the tissue isn't receiving enough oxygen

murmur

abnormal heart sound

tachycardia

rapid heartbeat

vena cava

large-diameter vein that gathers blood from the body and returns it to the heart

inferior vena cava

portion of the vena cava that gathers blood from the lower portion of the body

superior vena cava

portion of the vena cava that gathers blood from the upper portion of the body (head and arms)

angiogenesis

development of blood vessels

angiolith

stone forming in the wall of a blood vessel

angiopoiesis

formation of blood vessels

angiosclerosis

hardening of a blood vessel

aortectasia

dilation of the aorta

arterioplasty

surgical reconstruction of an artery

arteriorrhaphy

suture of an artery

atherectomy

surgical removal of fatty plaque within an artery

embolectomy

surgical removal of an embolus

cardioversion

returning a heart to normal rhythm

coronary arterectomy

surgical removal of a coronary artery

coronary artery bypass

surgery to bypass a blocked artery in the heart

percutaneous coronary intervention

alternate treatment for a coronary artery that passes instruments up a patient's blood vessels into the heart

pericardiocentesis

puncture of the tissue around the heart

pericardiotomy

incision into the tissue around the heart

valvectomy

surgical removal of a heart valve

valvotomy

incision into a heart valve

valvuloplasty

surgical reconstruction of a heart valve

ventriculotomy

incision into a ventricle

aortic stenosis

narrowing of the aorta

aortolith

stone deposit in the wall of the aorta

arteriolith

stone in the artery

arteriorrhexis

rupture of an artery

arteriosclerosis

hardening of an artery

atherogenesis

the process of forming atheromas (plaques) in the inner lining of arteries

atherosclerosis

hardening of an artery due to build-up of fatty plaque

embolus

mass of matter present in the blood

embolism

blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus

ischemia

blockage of blood flow to an organ

occlusion

closing or blockage of a passage

venostasis

trapping of blood in an extremity due to compression

angiography

procedure to describe the blood vessels

angioscope

device for looking into a blood vessel

electrocardiography

procedure for recording the electrical currents of the heart

stress electrocardiogram

image of the heart produced by using sound waves while the patient experiences increases of exercise stress

transesophageal echocardiogram

record of the heart using sound waves performed by inserting the sonograph into the esophoagus

vascular endoscopy

procedure to look inside a blood vessel

venogram

record of a vein

sonography

use of sound waves to produce diagnostic images; also called ultrasound

electrocardiogram

record of the electrical currents of the heart

echocardiography

use of sound waves to produce an image of the heart; the same procedure as an ultrasound performed on pregnant women, but instead it is performed on a heart

aortogram

record of the aorta

cardiac catheterization

process of inserting a tube (catheter) into the heart

echocardiogram

image of the heart produced using sound waves; the same procedure as an ultrasound performed on pregnant women, but instead it is performed on a heart

arteriogram

record of an artery

angiogram

record of the blood vessels

venospasm

involuntary contraction of a vein

venosclerosis

hardening of a vein

vasospasm

involuntary contraction of a blood vessel

varicose veins

an enlarged, dilated vein toward the surface of the skin

thrombus

blood clot

phlebosclerosis

hardening of a vein

AA

abdominal aortic aneurysm

A-fib

atrial fibrillation

aneurysmectomy

surgical removal of an aneurysm

aortorrhaphy

suture of the aorta

arteriectomy

surgical removal of an artery

angiorrhaphy

suture of a vessel

DVT

deep vein thrombosis

angioplasty

surgical reconstruction of a vessel

HTN

hypertension

anastomosis

creation of an opening between two normally separate structures

MRA

magnetic resonance angiography

venectomy

surgical removal of a vein

varicotomy

surgical removal of a varicose vein

phlebophlebostomy

procedure to create an opening between two veins

phlebectomy

surgical removal of a vein

endarterectomy

surgical removal of the inside of an artery