SS unit 10

What were abolitionists?

People who wanted to end slavery.

Who was William Lloyd Garrison?

An abolitionist who published The Liberator newspaper and demanded the immediate end of slavery.

Who was Frederick Douglass?

A formerly enslaved man who became a famous speaker and writer against slavery.

Who was Harriet Tubman?

: An abolitionist who helped enslaved people escape through the Underground Railroad.

Who was Harriet Beecher Stowe?

The author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin, a book that showed the cruelty of slavery.

What was Uncle Tom’s Cabin?

A: A book that increased Northern opposition to slavery.

Who was John Brown?

An abolitionist who used violence against slavery and led a raid at Harpers Ferry.

What was the Underground Railroad?

A: A secret network that helped enslaved people escape to freedom.

What is sectionalism?

: Loyalty to one section or region of the country over the whole nation.

How did the North develop?

The North became more industrialized with factories, railroads, and cities.

How did the South develop?

The South depended on agriculture and slave labor.

What is industrialization?

The growth of factories and machine production.

What is a slave state?

A state where slavery was legal.

What is a free state?

A state where slavery was illegal.

What was the Missouri Compromise?

An agreement that kept balance between free and slave states by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state.

What was the 36°30′ line?

The line dividing future free and slave territories from the Missouri Compromise.

What caused the Missouri Compromise?

Conflict over whether Missouri would allow slavery.

What was the Compromise of 1850?

A set of laws dealing with slavery in territories gained from Mexico.

What was popular sovereignty?

The idea that people in a territory could vote on slavery.

What was the Fugitive Slave Act?

A law requiring escaped enslaved people to be returned to their owners.

What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

A law allowing Kansas and Nebraska to decide slavery by popular sovereignty.

What was “Bleeding Kansas”?

Violent fighting between pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups in Kansas.

What was Dred Scott v. Sandford?

A Supreme Court case involving an enslaved man suing for freedom.

What did the Supreme Court decide in Dred Scott v. Sandford?

Americans were not citizens and Congress could not ban slavery in territories.

What effect did the Dred Scott decision have?

It increased tensions between the North and South.

What was the Election of 1860?

The election where Abraham Lincoln became president.

Why was Lincoln’s election important?

Southern states feared slavery would end and began to secede.

What is secession?

When a state leaves the Union.

What caused Southern states to secede?

Lincoln’s election and fears about slavery ending.

What advantages did the Union have?

A: More factories, railroads, money, and soldiers.More factories, railroads, money, and soldiers.

What advantages did the Confederacy have?

Strong military leaders and fighting on familiar land.

What disadvantages did the Union have?

Had to invade the South and fight far from home.

What disadvantages did the Confederacy have?

A: Fewer factories, less money, and fewer supplies.

What does emancipate mean?

A: To free someone from slavery.

What was the Emancipation Proclamation?

A: Lincoln’s order freeing enslaved people in Confederate states.

How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the war?.

It made ending slavery a goal of the Civil War.

What was the Battle of Gettysburg?

A: A major Union victory and turning point in the Civil War.

What was the Gettysburg Address?

A: Lincoln’s speech honoring soldiers and emphasizing equality and democracy.

Why is the Gettysburg Address important?

A: It reminded Americans the war was about preserving the Union and freedom.

Who won the Civil War?

A: The Union.

What were the impacts of the Civil War?

Slavery ended, the South was devastated, and the Union stayed together.