Chapter 4 Common Networking ports, protocols, services, and traffic types

FTP

Ports 20/21 File Transfer between computers

SFTP

Port 22 Secure File Transfer using SSH

SSH

Port 22 Secure remote command-line access

Telnet

Port 23 Insecure remote command line access

SMTP

Port 25 Email sending protocol

DNS

Port 53 Domain name resolution

DHCP

Ports 67/68 Automatic IP address assignment

TFTP

Port 69 Simple, insecure file transfer

HTTP

Port 80 Web page delivery protocol

NTP

Port 123 synchronizes time across network devices

SNMP

Ports 161/162 Network device management

LDAP

Port 389 directory services access

HTTPS

Port 443 Secure web page delivery

SMB

Port 445 File and printer sharing on windows

Syslog

Port 514 logging system messages

SMTPS

Port 587 Secure email-sending protocol

LDAPS

Port 636 secure directory services access

SQL Server

Port 1433 Database management system communication

RDP

Port 3389 Remote Desktop access

SIP

Ports 5060/5061 Voice over IP communication

ICMP - Internet Control Message Protocol

Network error reporting and diagnostic testing (ping/traceroute)

TCP - Transmission Control Protocol

Reliable connection based data transmission

Three stages of TCP/IP handshake

1. Client sends SYN message to receiver (synchronize)

2. The receiver sends SYN/ACK message back to the client

3. The client replies ACK confirming the receipt of the SYN/ACK message

UDP - User Datagram Protocol

Unreliable, connection less data transmission

GRE - Generic Routing Encapsulation

Encapsulated packets for tunneling

IPSec - Internet Protocol Security

Secure IP communication (AH, ESP, IKE)

Unicast

Single recipient communication

Multicast

Communication to multiple specific recipients

Any cast

Communication to the nearest of multiple nodes

Broadcast

Communication to all nodes