Phys di 2 exam 4 (anatomy and physiology)

What is a stratified structure composed of several

functionally related layers that perform the following

integral functions?

Skin

What Protects against microbial and foreign substance invasion and

minor physical trauma?

Skin

What organ is responsible for Retard body fluid loss by providing a mechanical?

Skin

What organ will Regulate body temperature through radiation, conduction, convection, and evaporation?

Skin

What vitamin will the skin produce?

Vit D

- Repair surface wounds by exaggerating the normal process of

cell replacement

- Excrete sweat, urea, and lactic acid

- Express emotions

All additional functions of what?

Skin

Know the four major layers of the skin, what are they?

• Epidermis • Dermis • Hypodermis • Appendages

What is the Outermost part of skin?

epidermis

What layer is Avascular and depends on the underlying dermis for its

nutrition?

Epidermis

What are the 2 major layers of the epidermis?

- Stratum corneum

- Cellular stratum

What layer of the epidermis Protects the body against harmful environmental substances and restricts

water loss?

Stratum corneum

Where are Keratin cells are synthesized?

Cellular stratum

What Lies beneath the cellular stratum and connects the epidermis to

the dermis?

Basement layer (of the epidermis)

What is the Richly vascular connective tissue layer?

Dermis

What Separates epidermis from cutaneous adipose tissue?

Dermis

What layer of skin is rich in Elastin, collagen, and reticulin fibers

Dermis

What is the job of Elastin, collagen, and reticulin fibers?

strength, and stability

Where are sensory nerve fibers located?

Dermis

What provides sensations of pain, touch, and temperature?

Sensory nerves fibers (dermis)

What Innervate blood vessels, glands, and the arrectores pilorum muscles?

Autonomic motor nerve (of the dermis)

What Connects dermis to underlying organs?

Hypodermis

What is the Subcutaneous layer filled with fatty cells?

Hypodermis

- Generates heat

- Provides insulation

- Provides shock absorption

- Provides calorie reserve

Are all functions of what?

Hypodermis

Where are Eccrine sweat glands located?

Appendages

What is Distributed throughout the body except at the lip margins,

eardrums, nail beds, inner surface of the prepuce, and the

glans penis?

Appendages

What is Open directly onto the surface of the skin and regulate body

temperature through water secretion?

Eccrine sweat glands

Where are apocrines located?

Appendages

What is Larger and located more deeply than the eccrine glands?

Apocrine sweat glands

What is Found only in the axillae, nipples, areolae, anogenital area,

eyelids, and external ears?

Apocrine glands

Body odor is produced by bacterial decomposition of _____ ______.

apocrine sweat

Secretions from what glands are odorless?

Aprocrine

What response to emotional stimuli, secrete a white fluid

containing protein, carbohydrate, and other substances?

Apocrine glands

Where are sebaceous glands located?

Appendages

What Secrete sebum, a lipid-rich substance that keeps the skin and

hair from drying out?

Sebaceous glands

What is stimulated by sex hormones (primarily testosterone), varies according to hormonal levels throughout the life span?

Sebaceous glands

What is hair apart of?

Appendages

What all makes of appendages?

Eccrine glands

Apocrine glands

Sebaceous gland

Hair nails

What has Epidermal cells converted to hard plates of keratin?

Nails

What layer of skin covering the nail root?

Stratum corneum layer

Stratum corneum layer of skin covering the nail root is called what?

cuticle, or eponychium

What is the Soft tissue surrounding the nail border?

paronychium