IBI Quiz 3 Chs 9-12

genre

The term _____ refers to a kind of literature that has its own frame of reference, ground rules, strategy, and purpose. Knowing the _____ allows the interpreter to know what to expect or not to expect from it.

narrative

These are stories. This is the most common genre of literature found in the Bible, making up one-third of the OT. The genre of _____ may contain other specific genres within it.

report

This term refers to the basic building block of the Bible's narrative complexes. It is a feature that narrates the facts of what happened in a straightforward style.

law

This is embedded within the context of narratives in the Pentateuch. These _____s offered a comprehensive view of human community and the social values it promotes. Israel's laws pointed the way in which, through obedience, Israel could enjoy God's fullest blessings.

casuistic law

This is the main type of legal form. It has a distinctive "if...then" form which describes the case concerned and the legal penalty for infractions, respectively.

unconditional law

This is the second major category of law. These laws issue absolute orders about right and wrong without considering any exceptions, and most often pertain to moral or religious matters.

poetry

This comprises the second most common literary form in the Bible. It includes prayers and songs of many kinds.

prophecy

This term refers to yet another significant literary form found in the OT. When Israel grievously strayed into idolatry, God sent human speakers or writers to announce his plan for his people.

foretelling

This term describes one form of prophetic proclamation, characterized by a prediction about the future.

forthtelling

This term describes another more common form of prophetic proclamation, characterized by the announcement of imminent divine judgment in the present or near future.

prophecy of disaster

This phrase refers to the most common genre among the prophets: the announcement of imminent or future disaster either to an individual or to an entire nation.

apocalyptic

This term refers to a second major type of prophecy. _____ describes prophecies in which God "reveals" his hidden future plans, usually through dreams or visions with elaborate and at times strange symbolism or numbers.

wisdom literature

This term refers to a broad category of genres of the OT "_____ _____ ," including the books of Proverbs, Job, and Ecclesiastes. The roots of its thought lie in creation theology rather than through the reception of divine revelation.

Gospels

This term refers to a common form and content of the first four books of the NT: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. They are perhaps best considered to be theological biographies about Jesus.

horizontal reading

A _____ reading is an approach to reading a Gospel account comparatively with the other Gospels. It allows the student to identify and assess the distinct theological emphases of each of the Gospel writers.

vertical reading

The _____ reading takes account of the Gospel's teaching in light of its own structure and ordering of the themes; it offers the reader the opportunity to hear the author's teaching on his own terms.

redaction criticism

This phrase refers to the attempt to identify the historical and theological perspectives of a biblical writer by analyzing the editorial techniques employed.

kerygma

This term refers to the common body of information about Jesus that was circulated by word of mouth.

Kingdom of God

This phrase refers to the central theme of Jesus' teaching: the arrival of the _____ of _____. This _____ refers more to a power than to a place, more to a reign than to a realm.

parable

This term refers to the short, memorable stories told by Jesus.

Acts

This comprises the second main literary form found in the NT. It is perhaps best considered as a theological history.

epistle

This term points to the third main literary genre of the NT. They are ______s that are occasional; therefore, the interpreter must identify the identity and historical circumstances surrounding the author and audience.

These 3 terms refer to some of the significant forms of material found in epistles.

1. Creeds

2. vice lists

3. virtue lists

Revelation

The book of _____ is the fourth major literary genre of the NT. _____ combines elements from three distinct genres: epistle, prophecy, and apocalyptic.

Revelation as epistle

_____ as _____ includes many characteristics of a letter and was written to a particular group of churches. As such, the interpreter will do well to reconstruct the historical circumstances to understand the details of the author's comments to each church. In this vein, it is crucial to remember that the author's meaning could not be something incomprehensible to the original audience.

Revelation as prophecy

_____ as _____stands in the tradition of the OT's major prophets, including both forthtelling and foretelling. Indeed, its closest parallels are with Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel.

Revelation as apocalyptic

_____ as _____literature shares features of a common genre, including a description of the events surrounding the end of world history through visions, and God's supernatural intervention.

revelation

This term refers to the characteristic of the Bible as God's disclosing of himself and his plan for the world.

information

This is one of the uses of the Bible. The Bible can be consulted as a source of _____ about who God is and why the world is the way it is.

motivation

The message of the Bible provides _____ to the interpreter to worship the God who has worked so wonderfully in the world.

enrich worship

The Bible can be used to _____ the _____ of interpreters by reminding them of what God has done for them and what he yet plans to do.

liturgy

The Bible is also a source from which to create ____s that further aid and enable the worship of the saints. Such _____s helpfully enable the worshiper to rehearse elements of the Bible's saving drama and embody or direct their responses to God.

formulate theology

The Bible can also be used to _____ theology. Two such theological approaches are biblical theology and systematic theology.

biblical theology

_____ _____ aims to expound the Bible's _____ as it emerges from its historical framework while using the Bible's own terminology, categories, and thought forms.

systematic theology

_____ _____ aims to provide a coherent presentation of Christian doctrine through a summary of the entire Bible's witness, using the chosen categories of the systematician.

preaching

The Bible may also be used for _____ing, the act of communicating the biblical message to people. _____ing involves arriving at an understanding of a biblical text's correct meaning and significance, and communicating these in order to persuade hearers to respond in an appropriate manner.

teaching

Yet another use is _____ing, or giving specific instruction in the issues of Christian beliefs. _____ing assumes the similar process of gaining an understanding of the author's original meaning and the significance of a text for the believer today.

pastoral care

The Bible can also be used to provide _____ _____. As life happens in a fallen world, with its many cruel realities and experiences, the Bible serves as an irreplaceable resource of comfort and assurance to God's people. These reminders point to God's character, his activity, his faithfulness, and his promises to the believer.

spiritual formation

The Bible also serves as a catalyst for the Christian's _____ _____. Its many teachings and exhortations provide both the guidance and the motivation for the believer to develop a robust _____ life and walk with God.

enjoying the Bible as literature

The Bible may be read simply for the purpose of _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. With its many facets and features (including its narratives filled with adventure, humor, and suspense; its beautiful poetry, fascinating apocalyptic visions, and intriguing parables) the Bible is a message to be enjoyed by its readers, both intellectually and emotionally.

application

This term refers to the relevance of Scripture beyond its first audience, and looking to determine its significance for our lives today.

principle

This term refers to the undergirding element that can be gleaned from any text or message and used for application by interpreters from similar or different cultures.

significance

This term refers to the wide varieties of application that come from understanding the meaning of a text. _____ may be understood in light of the larger context of the entire canon and by the guidance of the Holy Spirit.

literary context

This is the _____ material that comes before and after a passage. The _____ _____ can be immediate or extend to the whole book or even the whole Bible. The _____ _____ is necessary for understanding the meaning of a passage, which is related to how it was and could now be applied.

historical context

This phrase refers to the _____ situation of something. In this case, it refers to the _____ _____ within which the original meaning and application of the original message was located. The _____ _____ is necessary for understanding the meaning of a passage, which is related to how it was and could now be applied.

methodology

This term refers to the chosen techniques that can enable a reader to discover and understand the meaning of a biblical text.

culture

In order to be skilled at making valid application of a text, one must be able to accurately exegete the _____ in which they live.

spiritual rebirth

This is a crucial element for proper interpretation and application of the Bible. The interpreter that has experienced _____ _____ and is indwelt by the _____ will experience his illuminating work in his or her life.

spiritual maturity

This is a crucial element for proper interpretation and application of the Bible. The interpreter should display an ongoing growth in _____ _____ that motivates their ability to obey what they learn and to reshape their pre-understandings in light of what they learn.

diligent study

This is a crucial element for proper interpretation and application of the Bible. The interpreter needs to be willing to _____ closely the text, grammar, literary context, and historical background, to name but a few elements.

common sense

This is a crucial element for proper interpretation and application of the Bible. The interpreter must display the ability to think logically and clearly.

humble dependence

This is a crucial element for proper interpretation and application of the Bible. The interpreter must display a _____ _____ on the Spirit for discernment.

4 ways the OT law relates to Christians in light of the NT

1. Some laws retain validity for Christians (love the LORD wholeheartedly and love your neighbor).

2. In some cases, the NT makes the OT law stricter (OT permits divorce, but NT forbids adultery & Jesus viewed divorce & remarriage as adultery)

3. Some laws no longer have literal validity because they are fulfilled in Christ.

4. Laws that no longer literally apply still teach important truths.

blessings, consequences

The Law functioned as an outline for how through obedience Israel could enjoy _____ and what the _____ would be for disobedience.

Various ways biblical prophecy can be fulfilled

• literal

• suspended

• historical/figurative

• historical/spiritual

creation theology

This term underpins wisdom literature, reflecting on what functions in accordance with God's design.

epiphany

when God appears

What to remember when interpreting proverbs

• They teach probable rather than absolute truth.

• They may be descriptive, prescriptive, or antithetical in nature.

• They do not guarantee success, but raise the chances of achieving success.

Acts 2

The book and chapter with the account of Pentecost is the turning point from the age of the Mosaic Covenant to the age of the New Covenant

A recurring theme of Acts

The spread of the gospel from Jewish to Gentile territory.

The typical structure of the epistles

1. salutation

2. prayer

3. reason for writing

4. exhortation

5. closing farewell

the authors’ emphasis in the Gospels

The authors tailored their Gospel writings to meet the specific needs of their intended audience.

What to consider when interpreting parables

• They are narrative fiction.

• Consider the literary context.

• Look for a main point associated with each main character.

These 2 messages are central to Jesus’ teaching on the Gospels

1. The announcement of the arrival of or the inauguration of the Kingdom of God.

2. The transformative power of God has broken into the world to set things right.

The 3 genres that combine to make up Revelation

1. epistle

2. prophecy

3. apocalypse

What to remember when interpreting the symbolic and figurative language in Revelation

Study each scene and image based on

• The information given in Revelation

• The relevant OT background

• and the historical information of the original audience

Methodology of Responsible Interpretation

1. Determine the original application intended by the passage (original audience)

2. Evaluate the level of specificity of those applications

3. Identify cross-cultural principles reflected in the text.

4. Find appropriate applications that embody the broader principles.

Responsible application of broader principles in Scripture is possible if we are faithful in understanding these 2 things.

1. The original cultural application

2. The culture we live in now

the Holy Spirit’s guidance

Reliance on this is necessary in the hermeneutical task.

Seven uses of the Bible today

1. gain information

2. motivate and enrich worship

3. formulate theology

4. preaching

5. pastoral care

6. spiritual formation

7. its beauty

The 4 Types of Wisdom Literature

1. Proverbs (brief, memorable, not absolute truth)

2. Instruction literature (imperative mood & persuasive, heed them absolutely)

3. Example stories and reflection (pass on moral truth)

4. Disputation speech (Job)

Interpretation of Law (Genre)

Instructional teaching (Torah) aimed at Israel’s relational life with God.

The 4 major categories of poetry in the OT

• prayers

• songs

• liturgies

• wisdom psalms

3 types of prayers in the OT

• protests for help with an unsolvable crisis

• imprecations against evil or evildoers

• penitential cries for mercy or relief

4 types of songs in the OT

• thanksgiving songs

• hymns

• love songs

• wedding songs

Liturgy

This type of poetry in the OT was performed with participation of both the worship leader and congregation in Israel’s worship.

Wisdom Psalms

This type of poetry in the OT focused on the identity of God as the creator and cosmic ruler, and it probes ethical matters like God tolerating human suffering.

6 Types of Prophecy in the OT

1. disaster or salvation

2. prophetic commission or call to hear

3. woe speech

4. vision report

5. prophesies against foreign nations

6. apocalyptic prophecy

These 2 things must be considered when interpreting the Gospels because of their portrayal and prevalence

1. The Kingdom of God

2. Jesus’ ethics

Miracle stories

In the Gospels these describe the occurence of something beyond human capability or something only God can accomplish.

The function of miracle stories

To demonstrate who Jesus was and the powerful reality that characterizes God’s in-breaking reign.

Pronouncement stories

The proverbial and memorable statements that introduce a key climactic statement by Jesus

The Task of Hermeneutics

It functions in the service of the active working of the living Word of God

infallible interpretation

Reliance on the Holy Spirit’s guidance does not promise an _____ _____, but it ensures a comprehensive understanding

comprehensive understanding

Reliance on the Holy Spirit’s guidance does not promise an infallible interpretation, but it ensures a _____ _____.

diligent study

Reliance on the Holy Spirit’s guidance does not replace _____ _____ and the need for logic.

the need for logic

Reliance on the Holy Spirit’s guidance does not replace diligent study and _____ _____ _____ _____.

context

Apart from _____ the meaning of a single verse will be unclear.

historical circumstances

When interpreting Revelation as epistle, reconstruct the _____ _____ to understand the author’s comments to each church.