BIO202 - TT1 Chapter Quizzes

Physiology is a study of how structures and functions of the body work together to allow for behavioural responses to the environment.
a) True
b) False

True

If an object doubles in size, its volume increases by a factor of 4.
a) True
b) False

False → increased by a factor of 8

Animals living in terrestrial environments have a more limited oxygen available in comparison to animals living in aquatic environments.
a) True
b) False

False

Sensor in a negative feedback loop can be
a) temperature
b) sweat gland
c) body receptor
d) muscle
e) regulatory centre in the brain

c) body receptor

Which of the following is the most correct statement?
a) Animals that contain gills can either undergo gas exchange across the gills and into the coelomic fluid (in coloemic animals) or into the bloodstream
b) All animals with gills undergo gas exchange via diffusion across the gill surfaces and into the coelomic fluid instead of blood
c) Gills are found in fish only
d) Gills receive the dissolved oxygen in water and pass it into the bloodstream in all organisms
e) Aquatic animals with gills must remain in constant motion or they will die

a) Animals that contain gills can either undergo gas exchange across the gills and into the coelomic fluid (in coloemic animals) or into the bloodstream

Which of the following statements about the human respiratory system is false?
a) When we breathe in, air travels from the pharynx to the trachea
b) The bronchioles branch into bronchi
c) Alveolar ducts connect to alveolar sacs.
d) Gas exchange between the lungs and blood takes place in the alveolus

b) The bronchioles branch into bronchi

Gas moves from an area of ________ partial pressure to an area of ________ partial pressure.
a) low; high
b) low; low
c) high; high
d) high; low

d) high; low

Which statement is correct about the cross-current exchange?
a) It is typical for a mammalian lung
b) It is typical for a system in which structures carrying freshly inhaled oxygen are interwoven with small capilaries at many points at a 90 degree angle
c) It is typical for a gill lamellae
d) It is typical for alveoli
e) It does not exist among animals

a) It is typical for a system in which structures carrying freshly inhaled oxygen are interwoven with small capilaries at many points at a 90 degree angle

An equivalent structure to a gill in fish would be ___________ in mammals.
a) gill lamelae
b) parabronchi
c) lung
d) alveoli
e) air sac

c) lung

Gas exchange that occurs at the level of the tissues is called external respiration.
a) True
b) False

b) False

Which of the following factors play a role in the oxygen-hemoglobin saturation/dissociation curve?
a) temperature
b) pH
c) BPG
d) All of the above.

d) All of the above.

Which of the following statements about the partial pressure of oxygen and hemoglobin is true?
a) As the partial pressure of oxygen decreases, a proportionately greater number of oxygen molecules are bound by heme
b) The higher the partial pressure of oxygen, the fewer oxygen molecules are bound to heme
c) Both statement are correct.
d) Neither statement is correct

d) Neither statement is correct

Bohr shift represents a shift of the oxygen dissociation curve to the left.
a) True
b) False

b) False

Which of the following blood vessels has the largest cross-sectional area?
a) aorta
b) vena cava
c) capillary
d) vein
e) artery

c) capillary

Osmoregulators' body fluid concentrations conform to changes in seawater concentration.
a) True
b) False

a) True

What is the biggest osmoregulatory challenges for fish in saltwater?
a) excess of water
b) ion loss
c) ion gain
d) All of the above.
e) None of the above.

c) ion gain

What may happen to the cells of a saltwater fish if it is directly placed into a freshwater environment?
a) The cells of the saltwater fish will shrink due to the diffusion of salt ions out of the cell to maintain an isotonic environment.
b) The high salt content within the cells of saltwater fish results in an increase in water uptake by the cell, resulting in swelling of the cells.
c) The hypertonic environment causes the hypotonic cells of the saltwater fish to swell from the increase of water uptake to the environment.
d) Water leaves the body, shrinking the cell of the saltwater fish when placed in a freshwater environment due to no longer needing to conserve water.
e) The cells maintain an isotonic state because the change in environment will not affect the cells internal balance

b) The high salt content within the cells of saltwater fish results in an increase in water uptake by the cell, resulting in swelling of the cells.

Which of the following statements about the nephron is false?
a) The collecting duct empties into the distal convoluted tubule.
b) The Bowman's capsule surrounds the glomerulus.
c) The loop of Henle is between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules.
d) The loop of Henle empties into the distal convoluted tubule.

a) The collecting duct empties into the distal convoluted tubule.

The intermediate segment is a segment that contains aquaporins for water to enter into the interstitial fluid from the filtrate.
a) True
b) False

b) False

A large glomerulus allowing for proficient water conservation and salt excretion.
a) True
b) False

b) False

Size is independent of complexity of the respiratory system of an organism.
a) True
b) False

b) False

Which of the following statements about the circulatory system is false?
a) Blood in the pulmonary vein is deoxygenated
b) Blood in the inferior vena cava is deoxygenated.
c) Blood in the pulmonary artery is deoxygenated.
d) Blood in the aorta is oxygenated

a) Blood in the pulmonary vein is deoxygenated