Health and Lifestyle

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts related to health and lifestyle topics discussed in the lecture.

malnourishment

A condition caused by not eating the right amount or types of food.

obese

A person with an excessive amount of body fat, which increases the risk of various health issues.

deficiency

A lack of a certain vitamin or mineral that can damage a person's health.

starvation

A severe deficiency in caloric energy intake, which leads to extreme weight loss and health problems.

energy requirements

The amount of energy, measured in joules or kilojoules, that a person needs based on their age, body size, and activity level.

passive smoking

Inhaling smoke from someone else's cigarette, which can cause health issues for the non-smoker.

stimulant

A substance that increases the activity of the nervous system, leading to effects like increased heart rate.

depressant

A substance that slows down the function of the nervous system, affecting reactions and behavior.

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

A condition resulting from alcohol exposure during pregnancy, causing developmental problems in the infant.

carbohydrase

An enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates into simpler sugar molecules.

protease

An enzyme that digests proteins into amino acids.

lipase

An enzyme that breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol.

balanced diet

A diet that includes the right proportions of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.

digestion

The process by which food is broken down into smaller components that can be absorbed into the body.

addiction

A condition in which a person becomes dependent on a substance, leading to compulsive behavior around its use.

withdrawal symptoms

Physical and mental symptoms that occur when a person stops taking a substance they are addicted to.

cirrhosis of the liver

A late stage of scarring (fibrosis) of the liver caused by many forms of liver diseases, including alcohol abuse.

nutrient

A substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life.

sugar test

A test where Benedict's solution is used to determine the presence of simple sugars in food.

food test

A method used to identify the presence of specific nutrients in food products.