social psych test 3

affectively based attitude

An attitude rooted more in emotions and feelings than on an objective appraisal of pluses and minuses

cognitively based attitude

person’s evaluation is based primarily on beliefs about the properties of an attitude object

behaviourally based attitude

people’s observations of how they behave toward an attitude object

explicit attitudes

we consciously endorse and can easily report

implicit attitudes

involuntary, unconscious evaluations

theory of planned behaviour

when people have time to contemplate how they are going to behave, the best predictor of their behaviour is their intention. this is affected by their attitude towards the behaviour, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control

yale attitude approach

the study of the conditions of which people are most likely to change their attitudes in response to persuasive messages. focuses on the source of communication, nature of communication and nature of the audience

elaboration likelihood model

there are 2 ways persuasive communication can cause attitude change: the central route, when people are motivated and have the ability to pay attention to the arguments in the communication and peripheral route, when people do not pay attention to the arguments but are instead swayed by surface characteristics

attitude incoulation

the process of making people immune to attempts to change their attitudes by exposing them to small doses of the arguments against their position

cognitive dissonance

a feeling of discomfort caused by the realization that ones behaviour is inconsistent with ones attitudes or that one holds two conflicting attitudes

external justification

a persons reason or explanation for dissonant behaviour that resides outside the individual

internal justification

the reduction of dissonance by changing something about oneself

self affirmation theory

people will reduce the impact of a dissonance arousing threat to their self concept by focusing on and affirming their competence on some dimension unrelated to the threat

meta steryotype

a persons beliefs regarding the stereotype that out-group members hold about their own group

injunctification

a motivated tendency to see the status quo as the most desirable state of affairs