Gene Expression: The Flow of Information from DNA to RNA to Protein

These flashcards cover key concepts related to gene expression, transcription, translation, and the genetic code.

The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information from __________ to __________ to __________.

DNA, RNA, protein

Codons consist of __________ nucleotides read in a defined __________ frame.

three, reading

The __________ is the starting codon for translation that codes for Methionine.

AUG

The process of __________ involves converting the genetic information from RNA into a polypeptide chain.

translation

In eukaryotic RNA processing, a __________ is added to the 5' end of the mRNA and a __________ tail is added to the 3' end.

methylated cap, poly-A

Transcription in prokaryotes requires __________, which binds to promoter sequences to initiate transcription.

RNA polymerase

Stop codons include UAA, UAG, and __________, which signal the termination of translation.

UGA

The primary transcript in __________ is processed to produce mature mRNA, while in __________, it directly serves as mRNA.

eukaryotes, prokaryotes

Ribosomes are composed of __________ and __________ and are the sites of polypeptide synthesis.

proteins, ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs)

During elongation in translation, charged tRNAs are ushered into the __________ site of the ribosome.

A (aminoacyl)