H7 Foreign Policy (Overview)

What happened with Kildare in 1486

Kildare crowned Simnel King in Dublin

When and what was the Treaty of Redon?

• Date: 1489

• Terms: H7 agreed to support Brittany from France

When and what was the Medina Del Campo?

• Date: 1498

• Terms included:
  - Marriage between COA and Arthur
  - Catherine’s 200k crown dowry
  - Agreement to lower custom duties for trading
  - Mutual defense

How many men did Henry send to Brittany in 1491?

6,000

Why was 1491 a failure for H7? [Brittany]

Anne (Brittany) surrendered and married Charles VIII of France

Why was 1491 a failure for H7? [Ireland]

Kildare expressed his support for Perkin Warbeck

When and what was the Siege of Boulogne [Etaples]?

• Date: 1492

• Events:
  - H7 invades France with 26k men and sieges Boulogne
  - Charles surrenders and agrees to sign Treaty of Etaples

When and what was the Treaty of Etaples?

• Date: 1492

• Terms:
  - England gets a French Pension of $5,000 per year
  - Charles wouldn’t support pretenders (Warbeck)

Why was the Treaty of Etaples a success?

H7 received a total of $160,000 during his reign from the French Pension

What did Henry VII do in 1493 when Margaret of Burgundy supported the pretender Perkin Warbeck?

He imposed a trade embargo on Burgundy to try and force them to withdraw their support

How did James IV of Scotland support Perkin Warbeck in 1495–6, and what political move did Henry make in Ireland as a result?

• James IV welcomed Warbeck and provided a small army to invade England in 1496.

• Henry persuaded the Earl of Kildare to be loyal, restoring him to power in Ireland.

What treaty was signed in 1496 to end the trade embargo with Burgundy?

The Intercursus Magnus

What were the terms of the Intercursus Magnus?

• Trade embargo lifted

• Support for pretenders withdrawn

What temporary peace agreement did England and Scotland reach in 1497

Truce of Ayton

When did the Truce of Ayton become a formal treaty?

1502

What marriage occurred in 1501, and what crisis followed just one year later in 1502?

• 1501: The marriage of Prince Arthur and Catherine of Aragon.

• 1502: Prince Arthur dies unexpectedly.

What two major dynastic events altered England's relations with Scotland and Burgundy in 1503?

• King James IV of Scotland married Henry's daughter, Margaret Tudor.
  

• The Yorkist instigator Margaret of Burgundy died

Who died in Spain in 1504, and whom did Henry VII choose to support for the succession of Castile?

Queen Isabella died; Henry VII chose to support her daughter, Juana (and her husband Philip of Burgundy), against Ferdinand

What stroke of luck happened to Henry VII in 1506 when Juana and Philip were traveling and what did it lead to them signing?

They were shipwrecked and landed in England, allowing Henry to force them into signing the Treaty of Windsor

When was the Treaty of Windsor and what were its terms?

• Date: 1506

• Terms:
  - Recognized Juana’s claim to Castille over Ferdinand
  - Juana & Philip agreed not to support pretenders
  - Agreement to Intercursus Malus

What heavily biased trade treaty was signed alongside the Treaty of Windsor in 1506, and what happened to Juana shortly after?

• The Intercursus Malus (highly favorable to English merchants).

• Juana was swiftly deprived of Castile by her father, King Ferdinand

What were the terms of the Intercursus Malus?

• Suffolk handed over

• English merchants pay no custom duties

Why did England have to drop the Intercursus Malus and revert to the Intercursus Magnus in 1507?

• Philip of Burgundy died

• Juana went mad

• Ferdinand took control of Castile,

• This made the harsh terms of the Malus completely impossible to enforce.

What major international setback left Henry VII facing diplomatic isolation in 1508

England was not invited to join the League of Cambrai, an alliance formed by Europe's major powers