Anti tumor
Inhibition of farnesyl transferase
Treatment of malaria
Free radical formation that alkylate essential malarial proteins
Anti-epileptic, anxiolytic, antipsychotic, and anticancer
Modulation of CB1, CB2, 5HT1A receptors in the CNS
Chronic pain syndromes such as postherpetic neuralgia and musculoskeletal pain
Activates Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in sensory nerves
Gout
Prevents microtubule assembly and hence modulate multiple pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways
Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, arthritis, metabolic syndrome and pain
Inhibition of NF-kB; scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species; modulates the activities of GSH, catalase and SOD
Anti-viral against a diverse family of DNA and RNA viruses; antibacterial and antifungal activities. Anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities
Alter or damage viral particle, primary target is viral membrane; disruption of lipid layer in bacterial cell wall; inhibits dihydrofolate reductase. Modulation of ROS production and inhibition of NF-kB signaling responsible for anticancer activity[28,29]
Dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease
Reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor; modulation nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChRs)[30]
Anticancer, Alzheimer's disease
Protein-tyrosine kinase inhibition, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, antimetastatic and antiangiogenic activity, antioxidant[31]
Anti-infertility/male contraceptive, Anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant activities
Inhibit sperm production and motility; Bcl-2 inhibition; DNA polymerase and topoisomerase II inhibition; induce apoptosis
Actinic keratosis
Dual mechanism, Inducer of cell death necrosis and local pro-inflammatory response
Variety of cancers, especially solid tumors, anti-trypanosoma, antimicrobial and antimalarial activities
Anticancer activity through formation of ROS in NQO1-positive cells, topoisomerase inhibition, mTOR pathway modulator
Antineoplastic agent used in cancer chemotherapy
5-Lipoxygenase inhibition
Anticancer agent; mainly chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
Protein synthesis inhibition(prevent peptide elongation)
Cancer chemotherapy
Mitotic inhibitor
Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardiovascular protection; Alzheimer's disease; anti-ulcer; antimicrobial; antiallergic
Inhibits cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase; inhibits platelet aggregation; inhibit gastric secretion and lipid peroxidation; ROS generation and MicroRNA 21 elevation
Chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic in different types of cancer. Also used as antidiabetic, in cardiovascular complications, metabolic syndromes, antioxidant.
Modulation of multiple molecular pathways involved in cancer and xenobiotic metabolism; reduce oxidative stress and inflammation; cell proliferation arrest; induce apoptosis
Antibacterial agent active against various gram-positive bacterial including vacomycin resistant enterococci and methicillin-resistant S. aureus
Inhibition of bacterial cell-wall sybthesis by binging to the synthesis building blocks lipid-II and lipid-III
Anticancer
Cytotoxic to HCT-116 human colon cancer cells
AnticancerInhibition of 20S
Proteasome
Antibiotic, active against various Gram-positive bacteria including resistant strains
Inhibition of fatty acid synthesis in cell membrane through inhibition of β-ketoacy synthases I/II (FabF/B)
Antibiotic, active against various Gram-positive bacteria including resistant strains
Inhibition of fatty acid synthesis in cell membrane through inhibition of β-ketoacy synthases I/II (FabF/B)
Anticancer
Inhibiotion of cell division by depletion of microtubule through interaction with tubulin
Systemic and life-threatening infection caused Gram-positive bacteria
Disruption of bacterial cell-membrane function
Antibacterial used to treat topical skin infection impetigo
Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 50s ribosome