sports med

what is sportsmed

an athlete centred approach to dealing with human performance and injury management

what is the anatomical position?

standing feet flat and together, arms rested at sides, palms forward, head eyes, shoulders, hips, facing forward

Anterior

Front of the body

posterior

back of the body

superior

above/towards the head

inferior

below/towards feet

proximal

closer to where body part inserts to the body

distal

Away from where body part inserts to body

medial

Any point closer to the midline

lateral

Further from the midline

Sagittal plane

divides Into left and right

frontal plane

Divides body into anterior and posterior

transverse

divides body into superior and inferior

superficial

Near the surface

deep

Farther from the surface

ipsilateral

on the same side of your body as another structure

contralateral

on the opposite side of body from another structure

intermediate

between two other structures

simple or closed fracture

The broken bone remains beneath the skin and surrounding tissues, not damaged

compound or open fracture

One or both ends of the bone may protrude through the skin creating risk of infection

Green stick fracture

when the break is only one side of the bone and the bone bends

communited fracture

when there are at least three or more bone fragments

stress fractures

Are small cracks in the bone that occur overtime as a result of repeated activities that put stress on the bone

Osteoclasts

Borne destroying cells which dissolve and reabsorbed the calcium salts

main functions of the skeletal system

structural support

Protection

Growth centre for cells

Reservoir for minerals

Movement

adult bones

206

Long bones

Found in arms and leg legs support, weight facilitate movement longer than they are wide

Example, humourous radius, ulna femur

short bones

provide stability cube shaped about same length as width

example, carpools and tarsals

flat Bones

flatten, thin, often protect vital organs, example scapula, or bone of skull

irregular bones

Odd looking bones, example, sacrum vertebrae

sesamoid bones

small flat bones wrapped within tendons that move over long surfaces example patella

what is extension?

Increase of an angle