W4 Heart Disease Quiz

One reason why hypertension is a risk factor for heart disease is because:

it can damage arterial walls

Fruit and vegetables supply _____ that reduce LDL oxidation and blood clotting.

phytochemicals

omega 3s

triglycerides

HDL

phytochemicals

Phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables reduce LDL oxidation and blood clotting.

A stroke can be caused by a blockage of _____ arteries.

cerebral arteries

In the Nurses' Health Study, women who ate diets high in _____ fats had a significantly higher risk of heart disease.

trans

HDL levels lower than _____ can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

50 mg/dl in men and 60 mg/dl in women

40 mg/dl in men and 50 mg/dl in women

45 mg/dl in men and 60 mg/dl in women

55 mg/dl in men and 65 mg/dl in women

40 mg/dl in men and 50 mg/dl in women

Increasing the intake of EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) will improve the concentration of the blood lipid called:

triglycerides

Which of the following becomes a foam cell?

red blood cells

macrophages

cells lining vessel walls

oxidized LDL

macrophages

An unmodifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) is:

family history.

sedentary lifestyle.

blood pressure.

food intake.

family history

Individuals with diets high in animal fats are more likely to develop:

cancer

Which of the following correctly describes how foam cells are formed?

Macrophages within vessel walls take up oxidized LDL.

Macrophages in blood take up LDL and are oxidized.

Cells lining vessel walls take up oxidized LDL.

Cells lining the vessel walls take up macrophages and are oxidized.

Macrophages within vessel walls take up oxidized LDL

Excessive consumption of _____ can cause the heart to enlarge and heart muscles to thin and weaken.

alcohol

Excessive alcohol consumption can cause the heart to enlarge and the heart muscles to thin and weaken.

_____ is a condition in which blood pushes forcefully against artery walls, and is correlated closely with atherosclerosis.

High blood pressure

Replacing saturated fats with refined grains and sugar will cause an increase in:

blood triglycerides.

Replacing saturated fats with refined grains and sugar will increase triglycerides.

Which factor is LEAST likely to injure the blood vessels?

smoking

antioxidants

hypertension

elevated LDLs

antioxidants