Exam III

The 1943 Cairo Declaration: Territories taken by _, including Taiwan, would be restored to the _

Japan, ROC

In the US “One China” policy, American _ the Chinese position that Taiwan is apart of _

acknowledges, China

Under the One China Policy, the _ recgnizes the _ as the sole legal government of China

United States, People's Republic of China

America doesnt support _ independence

Taiwanese

Under the Three Joint Communiques, _ cut off official relations with _

the United States, Taiwan

In response to the _ communique, Congress made the _ _ _

Normalization, Taiwan Relations Acts

Under the Taiwan Relations Act, the US provides Taiwan with…

defensive arms

Under the TRA, an _ on Taiwan would pose a danger to the Indo-Pacific

attack

China’s Economy: Transforming from _ radical to _ engineering state

Mao’s, Deng

Den Wang: China operates as an _ state, prioritizing construction of massive public works for the purpose of legitimizing the governance of the _

engineering, PRC

Dan Wang: Describe this statement, the engineering state provided political legitimacy and manufacturing dominance

What are the strengths of the engineering state?

Dan Wang: Describe this statement, the engineering state created vanity projects, local debt, reduction in social welfare, and human and environmental costs

What are the weaknesses of the engineering state?

Dan Wang: China = _, America = _

Supply, Demand

Jost and Mattingly: China is transforming into an era known as _ _, which drastically _ the risk of international conflict

succession politics, increase

Jost and Mattingly: _ may feel pressured to cement his _ of unifiying Taiwan, which can increase the likelyhood of international conflict

Xi, legacy

Jost and Mattingly: Succession politics fosters Chinese analysts to tell _ what they want to hear, which raises the odds of a _

leaders, miscalculation,

Jost and Mattingly: Describe this statement: The United States must avoid the temptation to exploit China’s succession challenges

What is the recommendation from Jost and Mattingly?

Taiwan’s politics: The _ argues that Taiwan is already an independent state, so no need to formally declare independence

DPP

Taiwan’s politics: The DPP _ the 1992 Consensus and the “One China” principle

rejects

Taiwan’s politics: The _ attempts to uphold peaceful relations with the PRC, embraces the 1992 consensus

KMT

Yun: Describe this statement: Cross-Strait relations are entering unchartered territory because Beijing views President Lai as beyond redemption

What is Yun’s main argument?

Yun: Beijing views Lai as “beyond redemption” because of his views on…

Taiwan independence and identity.

Taiwan’s public opinion: The most popular viewpoint regarding Cross-Strait Relations is to _ the status quo _

uphold, indefintely [not changing]

Taiwan’s public opinion: Most Taiwanese would support declaring _ if the _ doesn’t attack

independence, PRC

Christensen: Describe this statement: Effective deterrence requires both credible threats and credible assurances

What is the central argument of the Christensen article?

Christensen: _ might attack if it believes that the _ supports Taiwan’s formal independence

China, America

Christensen: Washington, Taipei, and Beijing are trapped in an _ _, focusing on military resolve while failing to provide assurances

assurance deficit

Christensen: Describe this statement: The US must avoid symbols that imply restoring a formal alliance

What is the recommendation for America?

Christensen: Describing this statement: Beijing must dial back its military operations so that Taiwan believes force will not be used if it avoids formal independence

What is the recommendation for Beijing?

Sacks: Describe this statement: Taiwan is a vital U.S. interest because of Indo-Pacific balance, credibility of alliances, economics, and international norms

What is Sack’s central argument?

Sacks: If _ annexs _, the PLA can restrict America’s ability to operate in the Indo-Pacific area

China, Taiwan

Sacks: Taiwan manufactures _ of the world’s semiconductors and _ of advanced chips. Economic implications for why Taiwan is important for America

70%, 90%

Sacks: If the _ lets China invade Taiwan, _ _ allies lose confidence in America’s ability to project them

United States, Indo-Pacific

Sacks: China annexing Taiwan, _ norms are destroyed

international

The _/_ islands are small and uninhabited. Where _, _, and _ are lay claim

Senkaku/Diaoyu, Japan, China, Taiwan

Japan annexed the _ islands in 1895, following the first Sino-Japanese war

Senkaku/Diaoyu

Following WWII, America administered the _ islands and returned them back to _ in 1972

Senkaku/Diaoyu, Japan

In 2012: The Japanese central government purchased the _ islands, which triggered massive anti _ protests in China

Senkaku/Diaoyu, Japan

Under the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security Between Japan and the United States, the _ recgonizes _ administration over the islands

United States, Japan's

Article 5 of Japan and the United States: An armed attack on territories under the administration of _, would make America defend Japan

Japan

While the U.S. recognizes Japanese administration over the islands, they do not recgonize Japanese _

sovereignty

China claims almost the entire South China through through the _ _ _

Nine-Dash Line

The South China Sea is important economically because of its

fisheries and hydrocarbon reserves

While Vietnam has been called out for island building, _ is the primary actor doing this

China

America and the Philippines have a …

Mutual Defense Treaty

America and Philippines defense treaty, any _ in the Pacific area would be a danger

attack

The United States _ take a position on sovereignty disputes over territorial features in the South China Sea

does not

The United States does not recognize Philippine _ over the land features within the South China Sea

jurisdiction

the MDT between the United States and the Philippines is applied with any _ on Philippine armed forces, vessels, or aircraft

attack

Freedom of Navigation: _ asserting the right of the U.S. navy within _ waters

United States, international

Describe this statement: An island is capable of independently sustaining human life, must naturally be formed, and must remain above water at all times

What is considered an island according to international law?

These are specific geographic areas established by the government to attract foreign direct investment and businesses, 200 nautical miles

What are exclusive economic zones (EEZs)?

This is a martime zome extending 12 nautical miles outwards from a country’s baseline

What are territorial waters?

Duan and Hao: Describe this statement: Despite the 2021 crisis, the East-China Sea has remained stable

What is the main argument of Duan and Hao

Duan and Hao: _ tamped down on nationalism movemenets

China

Duan and Hao: _ wants _ to acknowledge that dispute exists

China, Japan

Duan and Hao: China prioritizes _ development over expanding _

economic, territory