༉‧₊˚. physical sci: chap 1

are fundamental to the existence of life, as well as to the abundance and diversity of our environment.

chemical elements

this believed to have existed billions of years ago when the so-called “Big Bang” phenomenon took place.

elements

the universe is composed of how many stable elements?

92

what elements is the lightest

hydrogen

what element is the heaviest?

uranium

the mass composition of the early universe was said to comprise approximately?

• 73% hydrogen

• 25% helium

• 2% other heavier elements

they are elements heavier than uranium

transuranium elements

they are synthetic elements made by scientists in a laboratory

transuranium elements

all elements in the universe, natural or synthetic, form through ?

nucleosynthesis

nucleo means

nucleus

synthesis means

putting together

it is defined as the formation of elements through the combination of the simple nuclei or atomic particles by means of a nuclear reaction

nucleosynthesis

are atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons.

isotopes

the first three minutes of the big bang theory focused on the expansion and cooling of the universe to produce the first three elements in the periodic table:

1. hydrogen

2. helium

3. lithium

refers to the fusion of particles at the center of the stars, where the temperature was about 15 million degrees celsius.

stellar nucleosynthesis

middle-aged star

sun

what is the weight of the sun?

1.989 × 10³⁰ kilograms

is a supernova remnant and nebula in the constellation of Taurus

Crab Nebula

it is the rapidly spinning young neutron star at the center of the nebula which emits pulses of radiation from gamma ray and radio waves

crab pulsar

the formation of the heavier elements occurred through the process known as the?

supernova

enumerate the supernova’s two key characteristics:

1. the presence of an extreme temperature

2. an abundant source of neutrons