TESTS FOR MEN AND WOMEN

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TEST AND DIAGNOSTICS 

• Trial periods may extend over several months

• Expensive and in some cases

• Involves uncomfortable procedures

• No guarantee

• enough healthy sperm

• ejaculated effectively

For a man to be fertile

• the testicles must produce ___________

• the sperm must be ________ into the woman's vagina

• sperm should travel to the egg

• Tests for male infertility attempt to determine whether any of these processes are impaired

General Physical Exam

• Semen analysis

• Hormone testing

• Transrectal and Scrotal Ultrasound

• Genetic testing

________________

• examination of your genitals

• Specific fertility tests may include:

Semen analysis

• one or more semen specimens maybe asked obtained by masturbating or by interrupting intercourse and ejaculating your semen into a clean container

• analyzes semen specimen for the health of sperm and the semen fluid

Hormone Testing

• A blood test to determine the level of testosterone and other male hormones

Transrectal and scrotal ultrasound

• look for evidence of retrograde ejaculation and ejaculatory duct obstruction

Genetic Testing

• may be done to determine whether there's a genetic defect causing infertility

Tests for women

• healthy eggs

• Ovaries must release ______

• Tests for female infertility attempt to determine whether any of reproductive processes are impaired

• Regular gynecological exam

• Ovulation

• Hysterosalpingography

• Ovarian Reserve Testing

TESTS FOR WOMEN

Ovulation Test

• Luteinizing hormone

• An __________ is used by women to help determine the time in the menstrual cycle when getting pregnant is most likely.

• The test detects a rise in _________ in the urine.

• A rise in this hormone signals the ovary to release the egg.

Luteinizing hormone

• A rise in this hormone signals the ovary to release the egg.

Hysterosalpingography

• X-ray contrast

evaluates the condition uterus and fallopian tubes

• _________ is injected into the uterus, and an X-ray is taken to determine if the cavity is normal and ensure the fluid spills out of your fallopian tubes

• Blockage or other problems often can be located

Ovarian Reserve Testing

determine the quality and quantity of the eggs available for ovulation

• often begins with hormone testing early in the menstrual cycle

• FSH, AMH

• Antral Follicle Count

• Stress test

• Clomid challenge test

OVARIAN RESERVE TESTING

• Baseline values 

  • Blood hormones : _____, _____

  • Ultrasound values: _____

• Dynamic Values ( many hormones are testes with “_______” 

  • FSH : ________

• Consensus: evaluation of ovarian reserve is important 

• Lack of Consensus: best test(s) and how to apply result 

<10

Normal FSH level. Expect a good response to ovarian stimulation

>20

Very poor (or no) response to stimulation

Anti-Mullerian Hormone

hormone produces by actively growing follicles. _____ test gives insight into the QUANTITY of the eggs remaining and the number of fertile years that a woman has remaining.

• Does not supply about the QUALITY of the eggs

• Pelvic Ultrasound

• Hysterosonography

  • Hysteroscopy

  • Laparoscopy

• Genetic Testing

IMAGING TEST

Pelvic Ultrasound

looks for uterine or fallopian tube disease

Hysterosonography

• used to see details inside the uterus that are not seen on a regular ultrasound

Hysteroscopy

• to look for uterine or fallopian tube disease

Laparoscopy

• minimally invasive surgery

  • involves making a small incision beneath the navel

  •  inserting a thin viewing device to examine fallopian tubes, ovaries and uterus

  • may identify endometriosis, scarring, blockages or irregularities of the fallopian tubes, and problems with the ovaries and uterus

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