Medical Terminology: Chapter 3

leukoderma

having skin that appears white because normal skin pigment is absent; may be all of the skin or just in some areas

primary structures that comprise the integumentary system

skin, hair, nails, sebaceous glands, sweat glands

albin/o

white

cauter/o

to burn

cry/o

cold

cutane/o

skin

derm/o

skin

dermat/o

skin

diaphor/o

profuse sweating

electr/o

electricity

erythr/o

red

hidr/o

sweat

ichthy/o

scaly, dry

kerat/o

hard, horny

leuk/o

white

lip/o

fat

melan/o

black

myc/o

fungus

necr/o

death

onych/o

nail

pedicul/o

lice

phot/o

light

py/o

pus

rhytid/o

wrinkle

sarc/o

flesh

scler/o

hard

seb/o

oil

system/o

system

trich/o

hair

ungu/o

nail

vesic/o

sac, bladder

xer/o

dry

\-derma

skin condition

allo-

other, different from usual

xeno-

foreign

path/o

disease

\-gen

that which produces

\-ary

pertaining to

\-ory

pertaining to

\-ous

pertaining to

sensory receptors

detect temperature, pain, touch, and pressure

What skin glands are fluids produced in?

Sweat and sebaceous

Two layers of skin

epidermis and dermis

epi-

above

stratified squamous epithelium

epithelial tissues consisting of flat, scale-like cells arranged in overlapping layers or strata (in epidermis)

basal layer

deepest layer within the epidermis; cells continually grow and multiply

bas/o

base

melanocytes

cells within the basal layer that produce melanin

corium

the dermis

what is the dermis made of?

living tissue with blood supply, connective tissue, collagen fibers, hair follicles, sweat glands, etc.

subcutaneous layer

hypodermis; composed of lipocytes; protects deeper tissues

accessory organs

anatomical structures located within the dermis; ex. hair, nails, sebaceous glands, sweat glands

crin/o

to secrete

hydr/o

water

hidr/o

sweat

angi/o

vessel

cis/o

to cut

cortic/o

outer layer

electr/o

electricity

esthesi/o

feeling

necr/o

death

phot/o

light

septic/o

infection

ungu/o

nail

\-ectomy

surgical removal

\-emia

blood condition

\-ia

state, condition

\-iasis

abnormal condition

\-ism

state of

\-malacia

abnormal softening

\-rrhea

discharge

\-tome

instrument to cut

\-ule

small

allo-

other

an-

without

de-

without

ex-

outward

para-

beside

xeno-

foreign

abrasion

a scraping-away of skin surface by friction

anhidrosis

abnormal condition of no sweat

bulla

large blister; larger than a vesicle

comedo

collection of hardened sebum in hair follicle; also called a blackhead

contusion

injury caused by a blow to the body; causes swelling, pain, and bruising; skin is not broken

cyst

fluid-filled sac under the skin

diaphoresis

profuse sweating

ecchymosis

skin discoloration caused by blood collecting under the skin following blunt trauma to the skin; a bruise

erythema

redness or flushing of skin

erythroderma

condition of having reddened or flushed skin

eschar

thick layer of dead tissue and tissue fluid that develops over deep burn area

fissure

crack-like lesion or groove on skin

hirsutism

excessive hair growth over body

hyperemia

redness of skin due to increased blood flow

hyperhidrosis

abnormal condition of excessive sweat

lipoma

fatty mass

macule

flat, discolored area flush with skin surface; example would be freckle or birthmark

necrosis

abnormal condition of death

nevus

pigmented skin blemish, birthmark, or mole; usually benign but may become cancerous

nodule

firm, solid mass of cells in skin larger than 0.5 cm in diameter

onychomalacia

softening of the nails