Amsco AP World 6.3

Indian National Congress

A congress established by British-educated Indians focused on grievances towards the colonial government and advocating for self-rule.

Treaty of Paris

The treaty between the US and Spain that transferred control of the Philippines from Spain to the US.

Maori Wars

Conflicts between the Maori people of New Zealand and British settlers over property rights and land ownership, culminating in a significant loss of land for the Maori.

Pan-Africanism

An identity and nationalism shared by Western-educated Africans aimed at fostering solidarity among people of African descent.

Xhosa Cattle Killing

A movement in which the Xhosa people killed their cattle and crops, believing this would remove British settlers from their land, leading to widespread famine.

Enlightenment ideals

Philosophical concepts that influenced nationalist movements, emphasizing natural rights, sovereignty, and resistance against colonization.

Balkan nationalism

A movement inspired by the French Revolution that encouraged ethnic groups in the Balkan Peninsula to seek independence from Ottoman rule.

Proclamation of 1763

An act that reserved land between the Appalachians and Mississippi for Native Americans, marking the first recognition of indigenous territorial rights by a European government.

Cherokee Nation assimilation

The process by which the Cherokee adopted colonial farming methods, created a syllabic alphabet, and developed a constitution modeled after the US Constitution.

Ghost Dance

A spiritual movement among Native Americans that aimed to restore their land and traditions through rituals of dance and song; it culminated in the Wounded Knee Massacre.

Tupac Amaru II

A hereditary chief in Peru who led a revolt against Spanish colonial rule, inspired by his Inca heritage.

Mexican conservatives and Napoleon

A political alliance aimed at overthrowing liberal government leaders like Benito Juarez, resulting in European intervention in Mexico.

Sepoys

Indian soldiers who served in the British army, forming the majority of armed forces in India and helping to maintain British control.

Indian Rebellion of 1857

A mutiny caused by grievances regarding religious insensitivity and the imposition of British control over Indian soldiers.

Philippine Revolution

A nationalist uprising against Spanish rule that was sparked by discontent with colonial governance and aspirations for independence.

Treaty of Waitangi

An agreement between the Maori and British ensuring the protection of Maori property rights, which was later ignored by the British.

Aboriginal people

Indigenous peoples of Australia, regarded as having the longest continuing culture on Earth.

Anglo-Zulu War

A conflict in which the British defeated the Zulu kingdom, leading to its incorporation into the British colony of South Africa.

Mahdist Revolt

A religious and political uprising in Sudan led by Muhammad Ahmad against Egyptian and British rule.

Yaa Asantewaa War

A rebellion led by Queen Yaa Asantewaa in the Asante Empire against British forces, symbolizing national unity and resistance to colonialism.