AP Art History Required Works (Up to Etruscan so far)

Apollo 11 Stones

Found in Namibian Huns Mts

25,300-25,000 BCE (Paleolithic)

Charcoal on Stone

Great Hall of the Bulls

Lascaux, France

15,000-13,000 BCE (Paleolithic)

Animal fat and natural pigment (charcoal and mineral) used on rock

Camelid Sacrum in the Shape of Canine

Central MX

14,000-7,000 BCE (Paleolithic)

Camelid sacrum bone carved to look like a canine skull

Running Horned Woman

Sahara Desert (Algeria)

6,000-4,000 BCE (Neolithic)

Natural pigment on rock

Beaker with Ibex Motifs

SW Iran (Non-Nomadic)

4200-3500 BCE (Neolithic)

Painted Terra Cotta

Anthropomorphic Stele

Arabian Peninsula

4000-3000 BCE (Neolithic)

Sandstone

Jade Cong

Chinese

3300-2200 BCE (Neolithic)

Carved Jade

Stonehenge

Located in UK

2500-1600 BCE (Neolithic)

Sandstone

Built with Post and Lintel

The Ambum Stone

Ambum Valley (Papua New Guinea)

1500 BCE (Neolithic)

Greywacke Stone

Tlatilco Female Figurine

Central MX

1200-900 BCE (Neolithic)

Ceramic

Terracotta Fragment

Solomon Islands

1000 BCE (Neolithic)

Red Clay Terracotta

Navigation Chart

Marshall Islands, Micronesia

19th-20th c. CE

Wood and Fiber (although typically coconut fiber and shells)

Hiapo (tapa)

Niue, Polynesia

1850-1900

Freehand Hiapo (inner bark from mulberry tree)

Tamati Waka Nene

New Zealand (Maori/Renaissance)

Gottfried Lindauer

1890

Oil on canvas

Ahu’ula Feather Cape

Hawaiian

Late 18th c.

Feathered Cape (Black, Red- ‘i’iwi bird, and Yellow- extinct ‘o’o bird)

Fijian Mats & Tapa Cloths

Fiji (Polynesia)

1953

Masi (barkcloth) and Mats (Pandanus plant)

Performance piece (black and white photo)

Staff God (God Sticks)

Cook Islands, Polynesia (Worshipped deities)

Late 18th- 19th c.

Tapa (paper mulberry bark), coconut fibers, and feathers

Female Diety

Nukuoro, Micronesia (~400 inhabitants)

18th-19th c.

Wood

Buk (mask)

Torres Strait

Mid to Late 19th c.

Turtle Shell, raffia fiber, feather, and shell

Malagan Display and Mask

Papua New Guinea

20th c.

Wood, pigment, fiber, and shell

Nan Madol

Micronesia, 200 acres

700-1600 CE

Basalt boulders and prismatic columns

Moai on Platform

Rapa Nui (Easter Island)

1100-1600 CE

Volcanic tuff and basalt (only 14 of basalt)

Bundu Mask

Sande/ Bundu (Secret) Society of the Mende people (Sierra Leone + Liberia)

19th-20th c.

Wood, cloth, and raffia fibers

Female (Pwo) Mask

Chokwe People (DRC)

Late 19th - Early 20th c.

Wood, fiber, pigment, and metal

Aka Elephant Mask

Bamileke Kingdom (Kuosi/ Elephant Society; Cameroon)

19th - 20th c.

Wood, woven raffia, cloth, and beads

Portrait Masks (Mblo)

Baule People (Cote d’Ivoire)

Early 20th c.

Wood and pigment

Wall Plaque, from Oba’s Palace

Edo people of the Benin Empire (Nigeria)

16th c.

Cast Brass

Ndop (portrait figure) of King Mishe miShyaang maMbul

Kuba people (DRC)

1760-1780 CE

Wood and Camwood Powder

Veranda Post of Enthroned King and Senior Wife (Opo Ogoga)

Artist: Olowe of Ise; Yoruba People (Nigeria)

1910-1914

Wood and Pigments

Sika dwa Kofi (Golden Stool)

Ashanti Community (S. Central Ghana)

1700

Gold over wood and cast-gold attatchments

Lukasa (Memory Board)

Mbudye Society of the Luba People, (DRC)

19th - 20th c.

Wood, beads, and metal

Nkisi n’Kondi (Power Figure)

Kongo People (DRC)

Late 19th c.

Wood, metal, and oil

Reliquary Figure (Byeri)

Fang People (S. Cameroon)

19th - 20th c.

Wood & Iron

Ikenga (Shrine Figure)

Igbo People (Nigeria)

19th - 20th c.

Wood

Colonial Tower & Circular Wall of Great Zimbabwe

Shona People of the Kingdom of Zimbabwe (SE Zimbabwe)

1000-1400

Coursed Granite Blocks

Chavin de Huantar

Chavin Community (Peru)

Rough stone walls and floors

700 yr period, Old Temple in 900 BCE and New Temple in 700 BCE

Both Lanzon Stela and Relief Sculpture (Chavin de Huantar)

Chavin Community (Peru)

Smooth Granite

~500 BCE

Nose Ornament (Chavin de Huantar)

Chavin Community (Peru)

500-200 BCE

Cut Gold

Lintel 25, Structure 23; Yaxchilan

Commissioned by Shield Jaguar II/ Itzamnaaj Bahlam II

Mayan Civilization

60 yrs, 681 BCE

Limestone

Structure 33; Yaxchilan

Commissioned by Bird Jaguar IV

Mayan

Limestone

756 CE

Structure 40; Yaxchilan

Commissioned by Bird Jaguar IV

Mayan

Limestone

Templo Mayor

Tenochtitlan; Aztec

Stone covered in stucco

1390-1487 CE

The Coyolxauhqui Stone (Templo Mayor)

Aztec

1473

Volcanic Stone

Calendar Stone (Templo Mayor)

Aztec

Basalt Stone

1502-1520

Olmec-Style Mask (Templo Mayor)

Olmec Civilization, taken by Aztecs

Jadeite

1200-400 BCE

Motecuhzoma II’s headdress

Aztec

1428-1520

Feathers, plant fibers, wood, leather, paper, textile, and gilded gold/brass

City of Cusco

Inca

13th c. - 1532

Urubamba Valley

Santo Domingo (City of Cusco)

Inca

1440-1540

Originally covered in sheets of gold

Walls of Saqsa Waman (City of Cusco)

Inca

Limestone and Andesite

15th c.

Maize Cob

Inca (City of Cusco)

1440-1533

Sheet metal/ Metal Alloys

Machu Picchu (Observatory/ Temple of the Sun and Intihuatana Stone)

Inca

1450-1540

Granite

All-T’oqapu Tunic

Inca

1450-1540

Camelid fiber and cotton

Mesa Verde Cliff Dwellings

Ancestral Pueblo Indian

450-1300

Sandstone/ cut mortar

Black-on-Black Ceramic Vessel

Maria and Julian Martinez

Pueblo

1950

Blackware ceramics

Great Serpent Mound

Fort Ancient Peoples or Adena or Hopewell Cultures (Ohio)

1070 CE

Rocks, clay and ash, covered with soil

Bandolier Bag

Lenape, Delaware Tribe, Oklahoma

1850

Leather, cotton, silk ribbon, glass beads, and wool yarn

Painted Elk Hide

Costiogo/ Cadzi Cody (Shoshone Tribe)

1890-1900

Prepared animal hide and commercial pigments

Transformation Mask

Kwakiutl Mask, British Colombia

Late 19th c.

Red cedar wood, pigment, graphite, cloth, and string

Palette of King Narmar

Egyptian Old Kingdom

3000-2920 BCE

Greywacke slate

Great Pyramid Khufu

Egyptian Old Kingdom

2551-2528 BCE

Limestone

Great Pyramid Khafre

Egyptian Old Kingdom

2550-2494 BCE

Limestone

Great Pyramid Menkuare

Egyptian Old Kingdom

2511 BCE

Limestone

Great Sphinx

Egyptian Old Kingdom

2500 BCE

Limestone and Pigment residue

King Menkuare and Queen

Egyptian Old Kingdom

2490-2472 BCE

Greywacke

Seated Scribe

Egyptian Old Kingdom

2620-2500 BCE

Painted Limestone, crystal, magnesite, copper, arsenic inlay, and wood

Temple of Amun-Re and Hypostyle Hall

Egyptian New Kingdom

1550-1070 BCE (1250 BCE for Hypostyle Hall)

Cut sandstone and mud brick

Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut

Egyptian New Kingdom

1473-1458 BCE

Sandstone and red granite

Last Judgement of Hunefer from his Tomb

Egyptian New Kingdom

1275 BCE

Painted Papyrus Scroll

Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and Three Daughters

Egypt (Armarna)

New Kingdom

1353-1335 BCE

Limeestone

Tutankhamun’s Tomb, Innermost coffin

Egyptian New Kingdom

1323 BCE

Gold with inlay of enamel and semi-precious stones

Statues of Votive Figures, from Square Temple of Eshnunna

Sumerian / Eshnunna

2700 BCE

Gypsum inlaid with shell and black limestone

White Temple and its Ziggurat

Sumerian / Uruk

3500-3000 BCE

Mud Brick

Standard of Ur from the Royal Tombs at Ur

Sumerian / Ur

2600-2400 BCE

Wood inlaid with shell, lapis lazuli, and red limestone

The Code of Hammurabi

Babylonian (Sumerian?)

1792-1750 BCE

Basalt

Lamassu

Assyrian (Sumerian?)

720-705 BCE

Alabaster

Audience Hall of Darius and Xerxes, Persepolis

Persian/ Achaemenid Empire (Sumerian?)

520-465 BCE

Limestone

Peplos Kore from the Acropolis

Greek

530 BCE (Archaic Period)

Marble with painted details

Anavysos Kouros

Greek

530 BCE (Archaic)

Marble with remnants of paint

Seated Boxer

Greek

100 BCE (Hellenistic)

Bronze with copper inlay (for blood)

Great Altar of Zeus and Athena

Greek (Pergamon)

175 BCE

Marble

Doryphoros (Spear Bearer)

Greek

Polykleitos

450-440 BCE (Classical)

Roman copy: marble

Greek original: bronze

Grave Stele of Hegeso

Greek

410 BCE (Classical)

Marble and pigment

Niobides Krater

Greek

460-450 BCE (Archaic / Severe)

Terracotta / Clay (Red-Figure Technique)

Athenian Agora

Greek

600-150 BCE (Archaic through Hellenistic)

Parthenon / Temple of Athena Nike

Athens, Greece

447 and 438 BCE

Nike Adjusting her Sandal

Greek (In the Parthenon; Athens)

Marble

Plaque of the Ergastines

Greek (In the Parthenon; Athens)

Marble (originally painted in blue background with gold outlining)

Helios, Horses, and Dionysus

Greek

438-432 BCE (Classical)

Marble

Winged Victory of Samothrace 😻😻😻

Greek

190 BCE (Hellenistic)

Marble

Sarcophagus of the Spouses

Etruscan

520 BCE

Terra Cotta

Temple of Minerva

Etruscan

510-500 BCE

Mud brick or tufa and wood

Apollo from Veii

Etruscan

510 BCE

Terracotta casting

Tomb of the Triclinium

Etruscan

480-470 BCE

Tufa and Fresco

Head of Roman Patrician

Roman Republic

75-50 BCE

Marble

Alexander Mosaic from the House of Faun, Pompeii

Roman Republic

100 BCE

Mosaic

Augustus of Primaporta

Imperial Rome

20 CE

Marble

Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus

Late Imperial Rome

250 CE

Marble

Pantheon

Imperial Rome

118-125

Concrete with stone

Colosseum

Imperial Rome

70-80 CE

Stone and concrete

Forum of Trajan + Trajan Market

Imperial Rome

106-112 CE

Architect: Apollodorus of Damascus

Concrete and Brick