chemistry 104- chapter 1

Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)

1 ATM & 273.15 K

Standard Molar Volume

at STP, one mole of ideal gas has a volume of about 22.4 L

Mole Fraction

(X) a unit of concentration defined as the moles of a component of a solution divided by the total number of moles of all components

P(a) = X(a) * P (total) —> X(a) = n(A)/ n(total)

Effusion

the escape of gas molecules through a tiny hole such a as a pinhole in a balloon into a vacuum

The Kinetic Molecular Theory

(KMT) a simple microscopic model that effectively explains the gas laws based on certain postulates

Ideal Gas

PV= nRT

• an ideal gas particle has no volume itself

• ideal gas particles do not attract each other (collisions are elastic)

Non-ideal gas behavior

van der waals equation

[p+a (n/v)² ] * [V-nb]= nRT