SNC2D-OPTICS

Luminous Sources

Objects that produce their own light, such as the sun and light bulbs.

Non-luminous Objects

Objects that do not produce their own light but reflect light from a luminous source, like the moon.

Medium

Any physical substance through which energy can be transferred, such as water, air, or oil.

Electromagnetic Spectrum

The range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, with visible light being a small portion of it.

Invisible Radiation

Radiation that makes up the electromagnetic spectrum except for visible light, including radio waves, microwaves, infrared light, ultraviolet light, X-rays, and gamma rays.

Visible Light

Electromagnetic waves that the human eye can detect, consisting of a continuous sequence of colors in the visible spectrum.

Incandescence

Light emitted when a material is heated, like in incandescent light bulbs.

Electric Discharge

Light caused by passing an electric current through a gas, seen in neon signs and lightning bolts.

Fluorescence

Light produced when an object absorbs ultraviolet light and emits visible light, commonly seen in fluorescent dyes.

Phosphorescence

Emission of light from a material during and after exposure to an energy source, like glow-in-the-dark toys.

Chemiluminescence

Light produced from a chemical reaction without an increase in temperature, as in glow sticks.

Bioluminescence

Light produced by living organisms through chemical reactions in cells, such as fireflies and jellyfish.

Triboluminescence

Production of light from friction by scratching, crushing, or rubbing certain crystals.

Light-Emitting Diode (LED)

An electronic device that allows an electric current to flow in one direction, producing light efficiently.

LASER

Light Amplified by Stimulated Emission of Radiation, producing intense and concentrated light in a narrow beam.

Plane Mirror Images

Reflection of light in a plane mirror to form virtual images based on the laws of reflection.

Curved Mirrors

Concave and convex mirrors that reflect light according to the laws of reflection, forming real or virtual images.

Characteristics of Concave Mirrors

Terms like centre of curvature, principal axis, and vertex used to study curved mirrors and reflection.

Reflection in Concave Mirrors

Incident rays reflected according to the 4 Golden Rules,

Luminous Sources

Objects that produce their own light, such as the sun and light bulbs.

Non-luminous Objects

Objects that do not produce their own light but reflect light from a luminous source, like the moon.

Medium

Any physical substance through which energy can be transferred, such as water, air, or oil.

Electromagnetic Spectrum

The range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, with visible light being a small portion of it.

Invisible Radiation

Radiation that makes up the electromagnetic spectrum except for the visible light spectrum.

Incandescence

Light emitted when a material is heated, like in incandescent light bulbs.

Electric Discharge

Light caused by passing an electric current through a gas, seen in neon lights.

Fluorescence

Light produced when an object absorbs ultraviolet light and emits visible light, common in fluorescent dyes.

Phosphorescence

Emission of light from a material during and after exposure to an energy source, like glow-in-the-dark toys.

Bioluminescence

Light produced by living organisms through chemical reactions, seen in fireflies and jellyfish.

Triboluminescence

Production of light from friction by scratching, crushing, or rubbing certain crystals.

Light-Emitting Diode (LED)

An electronic device that allows an electric current to flow in one direction, known for energy efficiency.

LASER

Light Amplified by Stimulated Emission of Radiation, producing intense and concentrated light in a narrow beam.

Plane Mirror

A mirror that forms virtual images using the laws of reflection.

Curved Mirrors

Mirrors with curved surfaces, such as concave and convex mirrors, following the laws of reflection.

Concave Mirror

A mirror that curves inward, converging light rays, used in makeup mirrors.

Convex Mirror

A mirror that curves outward, diverging light rays, like in side-view mirrors in cars.

Real Image

An image formed where light rays actually converge, like on a screen.

Upside Down Image

An image formed when light rays intersect in front of the mirror, creating an inverted image.

Light Concentration

The use of concave mirrors to focus light for heating purposes, concentrating sunlight on a specific point.