Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limb Anatomy

Flashcards for key terms and concepts related to the anatomy of the pectoral girdle and upper limb.

Pectoral girdle

The structure that joins the arms to the trunk, consisting of the clavicle and scapula.

Acromioclavicular joint

The joint formed at the point where the clavicle articulates with the acromion of the scapula.

Glenohumeral joint

The shoulder joint formed by the articulation between the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the head of the humerus.

Clavicle

An S-shaped bone that connects the arm to the body, articulating medially with the sternum and laterally with the scapula.

Scapula

A triangular plate that forms the shoulder blade, articulating with the clavicle and humerus.

Coracoid process

A hook-like structure on the scapula that provides attachment for muscles, particularly biceps brachii.

Humerus

The long bone in the upper arm that extends from the shoulder to the elbow.

Olecranon process

The bony prominence of the ulna at the elbow, forming the point of the elbow.

Styloid process

Bony protrusions at the distal ends of the radius and ulna, serving as attachment points for ligaments.

Carpal bones

The eight bones of the wrist arranged in two rows, enabling movement and flexibility.

Phalanges

The bones of the fingers; each finger has three phalanges and the thumb has two.

Sternal end

The end of the clavicle that articulates with the manubrium of the sternum.

Acromial end

The flattened end of the clavicle that articulates with the acromion of the scapula.

Trochlear notch

The concave surface of the ulna that articulates with the trochlea of the humerus.

Interosseous membrane

A ligament that connects the radius and ulna, distributing force between the bones.

Proximal radius

The end of the radius bone that articulates with the capitulum of the humerus at the elbow.

Distal radius

The end of the radius bone at the wrist that articulates with carpal bones.

Metacarpal bones

The five long bones in the hand that articulate with the proximal phalanges and distal carpal bones.