7-8: 5th

Romance with O-Sei-San

Rizal’s relationship with Seiko Usui, who lived with her parents, spoke English and French, and served as his guide and tutor in Japan.

O-Sei-San’s Qualities

Beauty, charm, modesty, and intelligence.

Rizal in Usui’s Eyes

A man of gallantry, dignity, courtesy, and versatile talent.

Places Visited with O-Sei-San

Imperial Art Gallery, Imperial Library, universities, Shokubutsu-en (Botanical Garden), and Hibiya Park.

Sayonara

Rizal’s farewell to O-Sei-San on April 13, 1888, as he boarded the Belgic for the United States.

Belgic

The English steamer Rizal boarded at Yokohama bound for San Francisco.

Tetcho Suehiro

A fighting Japanese journalist and novelist whom Rizal befriended and for whom he acted as an interpreter during their voyage.

Arrival in San Francisco

April 28, 1888; the ship was quarantined due to a "cholera" scare which Rizal believed was a political move against Chinese laborers.

Palace Hotel

The first-class hotel in San Francisco where Rizal stayed.

Leland Stanford

A millionaire and former Governor of California whom Rizal noted as a benefactor of the city.

US Transcontinental Trip

Rizal traveled by train through Sacramento, Reno, Ogden, Salt Lake City, Denver, Farmington, and Omaha.

Chicago to New York

Rizal arrived in Chicago on May 11, 1888, reached Albany on May 13, and then arrived in New York City.

New York Impression

Rizal called it the "big town" and noted the Statue of Liberty on Bedloe’s Island.

Statue of Liberty

The monument Rizal saw upon his departure from New York on May 16, 1888.

City of Rome

The second largest steamer in the world at the time, which Rizal boarded for Liverpool.

Rizal’s Impression of America

A land of great opportunity and high standard of living, but marred by racial prejudice against "colored" people.

Life in London (1888-1889)

Rizal chose London to improve his English and to annotate Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas.

Dr. Reinhold Rost

A world-renowned scholar and librarian of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs who befriended Rizal and called him "a pearl of a man."

Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas

A rare book by Antonio de Morga which Rizal annotated at the British Museum to prove Filipinos had a high level of culture prior to Spanish arrival.

La Solidaridad

The patriotic newspaper founded by Graciano Lopez Jaena in Barcelona on February 15, 1889.

Rizal’s Contribution to La Solidaridad

He wrote articles and was considered the leader of the Filipino expatriates in Europe.

The Women of Malolos

A famous letter Rizal wrote in Tagalog (February 1889) praising the young women for their courage in establishing a school.

Gertrude Beckett

The daughter of Rizal’s landlord in London who fell in love with him; Rizal left for Paris to avoid the relationship and stay focused on his mission.

Paris (1889)

Rizal founded the Kidlat Club, Indios Bravos, and R.D.L.M. (Redencion de los Malayos) during the Universal Exposition.

Kidlat Club

A social society founded by Rizal to bring together young Filipinos in Paris.

Indios Bravos

A group Rizal formed to replace the Kidlat Club, aiming to excel in intellectual and physical endeavors to win the respect of Spaniards.

Belgium (1890)

Rizal moved to Brussels to escape the distractions of Paris and continue writing his second novel, El Filibusterismo.

Suzanne Jacoby

A Belgian woman who fell in love with Rizal during his stay in Brussels.

Disturbing News from Calamba

The agrarian trouble was worsening, and Rizal’s family was being persecuted by the Dominican friars.

Decision to return to Madrid

Rizal went to Madrid to seek legal aid for his family’s case against the Dominicans.

Death of Jose Ma. Panganiban

Rizal’s talented co-worker in the Propaganda Movement who died in Barcelona in 1890.

Rizal-Del Pilar Rivalry

A leadership conflict in Madrid between those who supported Rizal’s idealistic approach and those who favored Marcelo H. del Pilar’s editorial control.

El Filibusterismo

Rizal’s second novel, published in Ghent, Belgium, on September 18, 1891, with the financial help of Valentin Ventura.

Hong Kong Medical Practice (1891-1892)

Rizal established a clinic at No. 5 D’Aguilar Street and became a successful ophthalmic surgeon.

Dr. Lorenzo P. Marques

A Portuguese friend and physician in Hong Kong who helped Rizal build his medical practice.

Borneo Colonization Project

Rizal’s plan to move landless Filipino families to British North Borneo to establish a "New Calamba."

Gov. Gen. Eulogio Despujol

The Spanish official who refused Rizal’s Borneo project, calling it unpatriotic.

Writings in Hong Kong

Included "Ang Mga Karapatan ng Tao," "Sa Mga Kababayan," and the constitution of "La Liga Filipina."

Decision to Return to Manila (June 1892)

To confer with Despujol about Borneo, establish La Liga Filipina, and prove his critics (like Eduardo de Lete) wrong.

Last Hong Kong Letters

Two sealed letters given to Dr. Marques to be opened after Rizal’s death; one for his family and one for the Filipino people.

Falling into the Spanish Trap

Immediately after Rizal’s departure from Hong Kong on June 21, 1892, a secret case was filed against him in Manila for anti-religious and anti-patriotic agitation.