Medical Terminology Practice Exam Review

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering medical terminology for body systems, anatomy, cancer, and common diagnostic descriptors based on course exam questions.

Lou Gerhig's Disease

An example of an eponym.

Gastrology

The medical term for the study of the stomach.

endo-

A prefix meaning within or inner.

-meter

A suffix meaning measure.

Intrahepatic

A medical term meaning pertaining to within the liver.

Osteitis

A medical term meaning inflammation of the bone.

-scopy

A suffix meaning the use of an instrument for viewing.

ab-

A prefix meaning away from.

Intravenous

A medical term meaning pertaining to within a vein.

Gastrohepatic

A medical term meaning pertaining to the stomach and liver.

hyper-

A prefix meaning above or excessive.

Arthroscopy

A medical term made up of a word root, a combining vowel, and a suffix.

arthr/o

A combining form meaning joint.

Osteoarthritis

An example of a medical term that contains two word roots.

AIDS

A medical term which is an example of an acronym.

Hepatology

The correctly spelled medical term for the study of the liver.

Cardi

An example of a word root.

Word Root

The part of a word that modifies its primary meaning.

Acronym

A word created from abbreviations or the first letter of a group of words.

Cardiology

The study of the heart.

Neuroses

The plural form of the term neurosis.

Pathologist

A physician who studies disease.

Epigastric

The medical term used to chart pain in the abdomen above the belly and umbilicus.

Lateral

An x-ray view taken from the side.

Etiology

The cause of a client's disease discovered through interview and assessment.

Symptoms

Subjective patient complaints, such as headache and nausea.

Viscera

The internal organs of a cavity, such as the liver in the abdominal cavity.

Distal

A term meaning pertaining to away from.

Bilateral

A term meaning pertaining to both sides.

Cephalic

A term meaning pertaining to the head.

Abdominal Cavity

The body cavity located just below the diaphragm.

Pelvic Cavity

The most inferior ventral cavity.

Spinal Cavity

The body cavity containing the spinal cord.

Thoracic Cavity

The body cavity containing the heart and lungs.

Cranial Cavity

The body cavity containing the brain.

Dorsal Cavity

The body cavity pertaining to the posterior spaces.

Homeostasis

The process of maintaining internal stability.

Cells

The most basic living unit.

Tissues

A combination of similar cells that share a common goal.

Organs

A combination of two or more different types of tissues to form a structure that performs a general function.

Organ Systems

A combination of organs and associated structures that share a common goal.

Organism

The whole, complete human body that is capable of survival.

Superior

Anatomical direction meaning above.

Anterior

Term meaning pertaining to the front.

Posterior

Term meaning pertaining to the back.

Proximal

Pertaining to closer to the point of attachment to the trunk.

Integumentary System

The body system that includes the skin.

Skeletal System

The body system that includes the bones and joints.

Cardiovascular System

The body system that includes the heart and the blood vessels.

Urinary System

The body system that includes the kidney, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

Endocrine System

The body system that includes the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, and adrenal glands.

Adenoma

A benign tumor of glandular epithelial tissue.

Carcinogen

A substance that causes cancer.

Leiomyoma

A benign tumor of smooth muscle.

Osteosarcoma

A malignant cancer of bone.

Neoplasm

A new growth of abnormal cells; a tumor.

ana-

A prefix meaning up, toward, or apart.

sarc/o

A combining form meaning flesh or muscle.

aden/o

A combining form meaning gland.

-gen

A suffix meaning formation, cause, or produce.

-oma

A suffix meaning abnormal swelling or tumor.

meta-

A prefix meaning after or change.

chrom/o

A combining form meaning color.

Sarcoma

A malignant carcinoma arising from connective tissue.

Adenocarcinoma

A malignant tumor of glandular epithelial tissue.

Chemotherapy

A treatment for cancer using drugs.

DNA

Universal acronym for deoxyribonucleic acid.

Histologist

One who studies tissues.

Metastasis

The spreading of cancer cells from the primary tumor.

Psoriasis

A chronic skin condition characterized by red lesions with silvery scales.

Papule

A small, solid, circumscribed skin elevation.

Abscess

A collection of pus from a localized infection.

Contusion

An injury to the skin causing discoloration and swelling without breaking the skin surface.

Dermatoheteroplasty

Surgical repair using skin from a source other than the patient.

Melanin

Substance that provides dark skin color and protects against ultraviolet light.

Ecchymoses

Multiple purplish patches on the skin caused by leaking blood vessels.

trich/o

A combining form which means hair.

myc/o

A combining form which means fungus.

Diaphoresis

The medical term for profuse sweating.

-malacia

A suffix meaning softening.

-opsy

A medical suffix that means view of.

Epidermis

The outermost layer of skin.

Jaundiced

A yellowish coloration of the skin.

-phagia

A suffix meaning eating or swallowing.

onych

A word root that means nail.

Necrosis

The medical term for disease-related death of tissue.

Arthritis

Inflammation and degeneration of a joint.

Smooth Muscle

The type of muscle that helps move food through the intestines.

Laminectomy

Surgical excision of part of a vertebra, often part of treatment for a herniated disk.

Cartilage

Dense, rubbery tissue that cushions and prevents rubbing between bones.

Arthroplasty

The medical term for a hip or joint replacement.

Achondroplasia

Medical term for the abnormal slow growth of long bones.

Patella

The anatomical name for the kneecap.

scoli/o

A combining form meaning curved.

Dysrhythmia

A disturbance or abnormality of the heart's normal rhythmic cycle.

Electrocardiogram

A recording evaluating the electrical events associated with the beating of the heart.

Bradycardia

An abnormally slow heart rate, usually under $50\, ext{beats per minute}$.

Aneurysm

A weak spot in the artery wall.

Palpitation

An experience of pounding, racing, or skipping of the heartbeat.

Cardiomyopathy

Any disease condition of the heart muscle that includes heart enlargement and heart failure.