Course 4 Module 2 Glossary

Application

A program that performs a specific task

Bash

The default shell in most Linux distributions

CentOS

An open-source distribution that is closely related to Red Hat

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

A computer’s main processor, which is used to perform general computing tasks on a computer

Command

An instruction telling the computer to do something

Digital forensics

The practice of collecting and analyzing data to determine what has happened after an attack

Directory

A file that organizes where other files are stored

Distributions

The different versions of Linux

File path

The location of a file or directory

Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)

The component of the Linux OS that organizes data

Graphical user interface (GUI)

A user interface that uses icons on the screen to manage different tasks on the computer

Hard drive

A hardware component used for long-term memory

Hardware

The physical components of a computer

Internal hardware

The components required to run the computer

Kali Linux ™

An open-source distribution of Linux that is widely used in the security industry

Kernel

The component of the Linux OS that manages processes and memory

Linux

An open source operating system

Package

A piece of software that can be combined with other packages to form an application

Package manager

A tool that helps users install, manage, and remove packages or applications

Parrot

An open-source distribution that is commonly used for security

Penetration test (pen test)

A simulated attack that helps identify vulnerabilities in systems, networks, websites, applications, and processes

Peripheral devices

Hardware components that are attached and controlled by the computer system

Random Access Memory (RAM)

A hardware component used for short-term memory

Red Hat® Enterprise Linux® (also referred to simply as Red Hat in this course)

A subscription-based distribution of Linux built for enterprise use

Shell

The command-line interpreter

Standard error

An error message returned by the OS through the shell

Standard input

Information received by the OS via the command line

Standard output

Information returned by the OS through the shell

String data

Data consisting of an ordered sequence of characters

Ubuntu

An open-source, user-friendly distribution that is widely used in security and other industries

User

The person interacting with a computer