Y9 Biology - Active transport

Active transport

Movement of particles from low concentration to high concentration using energy from respiration

Concentration gradient

The difference in concentration of a substance between two areas

Against the concentration gradient

Movement from low concentration to high concentration

Energy from respiration

Energy released in cells that is needed for active transport

Transport proteins

Special proteins in the cell membrane that move substances during active transport

Root hair cells

Plant cells that use active transport to absorb mineral ions from the soil

Mineral ions

Substances such as nitrates that plants need for healthy growth

Epithelial cells

Cells lining the small intestine that absorb nutrients

Small intestine

Organ where glucose and amino acids are absorbed into the blood using active transport

Mitochondria

Organelles that release energy needed for active transport

Diffusion

Movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration without energy

Osmosis

Movement of water from high concentration to low concentration through a partially permeable membrane

Active transport importance

Allows cells to absorb substances even when the concentration outside is lower

Glucose absorption

Uptake of glucose into intestinal cells using active transport even when blood glucose is hig