First Aid and CPR Foundations Final Exam Study Guide

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering emergency recognition, CPR ratios, AED usage, and first aid procedures based on the exam study guide.

Ways to Recognize Emergencies

Unusual behaviors, odors, and noises.

Emergency Action Steps

Check, Call, Care.

Consent

The first requirement before giving care to a responsive victim.

Immediate 9-1-1 Call Conditions

When a victim is unresponsive, unconscious, or has life-threatening bleeding.

SAM Questions

Signs and Symptoms, Allergies, and Medicine and Medication.

Breathing Check Duration

No more than $5-10\,\text{sec}$.

Infection Risk Reduction

Hand washing and the use of PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) and breathing barriers.

Infant Chest Compression Technique

Two-finger technique.

CPR Cycle

A ratio of $30:2$ chest compressions to breaths.

Rescue Breath Duration

$1\,\text{second}$ for adults, children, and infants.

Adult Airway Opening

Tilt the head past neutral.

Chest Compression Depth

Adult: $2\,\text{inches}$; Child: $2\,\text{inches}$; Infant: $1\,1/2\,\text{inches}$.

Responsive Choking Infant Technique

Lay the infant on your forearm and use the two-thumb encircling technique for chest thrusts.

Gasping Care

If a person is not breathing normally but gasping, give $5$ back blows and $5$ abdominal thrusts.

Forceful Coughing Care

Encourage the person to keep coughing.

Max Interruption for Compressions

Interruptions should be less than $10\,\text{sec}$.

Abdominal Thrust Placement

Fist should be placed above the naval.

Drowning Victim Procedure

Give $2$ rescue breaths before starting CPR.

Unresponsive Choking Care

Lower the victim to the floor and do CPR.

Hands-Only CPR

Performing only chest compressions when unable or unwilling to give full CPR.

CPR Body Positioning (Adult/Child)

Maintain a depth of $2\,\text{inches}$, keep elbows locked, and knees shoulder width apart.

Initial AED Step

Apply the pads.

AED Safety Protocol

Say “CLEAR” and ensure no one is touching the person before the AED analyzes the heart rhythm.

Infant AED Pad Placement

On the front and the back.

Adult AED Pad Placement

Upper right chest and lower left abdomen for those over $8$ years old or over $55\,\text{lbs}$.

Responders Switching Roles

Switch roles during CPR and AED use when the providers are tired.

Anaphylaxis

A life-threatening allergy that can be slowed or stopped with epinephrine or an EpiPen.

Naloxone

Medication used to assist a person suspected of experiencing an opioid overdose.

Heart Attack Care

Call 9-1-1, get equipment, and have the victim take aspirin.

Concussion Signals

Blurred vision, confusion, dizziness, and nausea.

General Burn Care

Rinse the burn under cool water for about $10-15\,\text{min}$.

Life-Threatening Bleeding Signals

Volume and Flow; identifiable if blood is pulsing or continuously flowing.

Tourniquet Placement

Place $2-3\,\text{inches}$ above the wound, between the heart and the wound.

Head, Neck, or Spinal Injury Care

Lay the person how they are positioned and keep them in that same position.

Heat Stroke Preferred Care

After calling 9-1-1, immediately provide a cool towel and place it on the person.

Chest Thrusts

The technique used if a responsive person is too large for abdominal thrusts.