freedom + intersubjectivity (p1)

Determinism

> The idea of destiny

➤ The belief that "whatever happens, happens, because there's no escape in destiny."

➤ The Prophecy of Oedipus is related, as it shows that no matter what actions he takes to avoid his fate, destiny still unfolds exactly as foretold.

Burrhus Frederic Skinner

- an American psychologist, behaviorist, inventor, and social philosopher.

- He believed that "freedom is just an illusion."

- best known for conditioning, which affects human behavior based on its outcomes (rewards or punishments).

Existentialist in nature

It depends on the person doing it if what he will do with the freedom.

Love is always grounded on freedom.

This is why some couples break up, with one feeling too "strangled" by restrictions set.

There is always a limit in freedom.

You didn't choose to be born as a human. You didn't choose to be born in the Philippines.

A chance lost is lost forever."

People are masters of their own actions.

En-soi

- Freedom is intrinsic; we are born with it.

ex: Imago Dei

- "Every time you choose something, you are also choosing not to choose the other options."

Pour-soi

- Freedom is dynamic and reflexive; your choices depend on your situation.

- "Hindi mo kasalanan na ipinanganak kang mahirap, pero kasalanan mo na kung mamamatay kang mahirap"

Pour-autrui

- Freedom is exercised in relation to others; our choices affect and are affected by the people around us.

- "Man chooses not only for his own individuality, but for others as well."

Autonomy

- is simply freedom

- Applied politically at a macroscope level

Sovereignity

has the power to govern itself; free from coersion of other nations.

Responsibility & Accountability

Partners of Freedom

Responsibility

You acknowledge that your exercise of freedom impacts the world and the "Other," requiring a thoughtful response to the situation at hand.

Accountability

ou own up to your own actions; the willingness to accept the rewards or punishments resulting from your decisions.

Albert Camus

who conceptualized absurdism

Absurdism

- Life is meaningless

- We give meaning to life by treating it as an experiment, using the freedom we have to make choices and simply learning from what happens next.

Intersubjectivity

- It is the shared understanding created between people when they communicate and interpret experiences together

Dialogue

is conversation between people. It is done to interact and have mutual understanding.

MARTIN BUBER

- Jewish Philosopher on Dialogue

- created the idea of social and interhuman encounter and idea of I-it and I-thou relationship

Social Encounter

- refers to the life of a group bound together by common experiences and reaction; points to group or communal existence.

- Examples: 12 - Abel as a whole, fan group of bands, motorsport enthusiasts.

Interhuman Encounter

- refers to the life and between persons who are non-interchangeable and non-objectifiable

- refers to interpersonal—a life of dialogue.

- Example: While 12 - Abel are all classmates (Social), the Interhuman only occurs when students move beyond their roles to form a deep, personal connection.

The Idea of I-lt and I-Thou Relationship

- Martin Buber argued that human existence is defined by how we relate to the world.

- He categorized these into two "Primary Words."

I-it Relationship ("Ginagamit ka lang")

➤ Things are valued because of the purpose we put into them.

➤ Purely empirical.

➤ Things do not have intrinsic moral worth.

➤ A thing is useful or functional because it serves the purpose of man.

➤ No basic capacity to make moral choices.

➤ Their value is something that is bestowed upon them by their creators or owners.

I-Thou Relationship ("Pagtatagpo")

➤ Refers to the world of encounters and relationships where there are persons.

➤ Makes the other complete.

➤ Myth of the Androgynous (Symposium of Plato):

Seeming (Waring tao)

- This refers to an inauthentic self where an individual acts based on self-interest or the desire to create a specific impression

- it is a "mask" worn to please others.

Being (Pagpapakatao)

- This is the authentic self

- it represents who you truly are and is grounded in truth and honesty without the need for pretension.

Speechifying (Pagtatalumpatian)

- This is a monologue disguised as a dialogue;

- It is talking at someone to show off or manipulate, rather than talking with them.

Personal Making Present (Pagpapaharap)

This is the act of being fully present for the other person, acknowledging their uniqueness and listening with the intent to understand.

Imposition (Pagpapataw)

This occurs when one person forces their own opinions, beliefs, or will onto another, treating the other as an object to be molded.

Unfolding (Pagpapatubo)

This is the opposite of imposition; it is a supportive relationship that allows the other person's true potential and personality to grow and "unfold" naturally.

Pag-ibig (Gusto)

Rooted in the word ibig, which translates to "desire" or "liking"; saying "Iniibig kita" often implies a desire for the other person's presence or a feeling of attraction.

Pagmamahal (Halaga)

Rooted in the word halaga (value); it implies that the person or object has intrinsic worth. Because they are valuable, you do not easily let them go or allow them to be lost.

rose

love is always compared to a _______, beautiful to look at but it possesses thorns