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Fractional distillation
The fractions of hydrocarbons in petroleum are separated at different high temperature according to size of hydrocarbon.
Main uses of Fractional distillation
1) act as a fuel
2) Act as the raw material of petrochemical industry
Cracking
Long chain of hydrocarbon are cracked into smaller molecules at high temperatures using a catalyst.
Type of catalyst in cracking process
Moisture of aluminium oxide and silicon oxide
Why the demand for smaller size-carbon is higher?
The demand for smaller size-carbon is higher because it combined easily and is used as fuel.
特点of small molecules
• low boiling point
• light in colour
• ignites easily
• flows easily
特点of large molecules
• high boiling point
• dark in colour
• Does not ignites easily
• Does not flow easily