Glacial Landforms and Climate Factors in Geography

What are MISFIT STREAMS?

Spillways that become small present-day rivers when the ice melts away.

What is TILL?

Material such as clay, sand, and gravel that is deposited directly by an ice sheet.

What is a TILL PLAIN?

A gently rolling landscape formed from the till deposited under the ice.

What are MORAINES?

Ridges of till deposited at the edge of ice sheets.

How do rivers relate to melting ice?

Rivers flowing within or under melting ice carry sand and gravel along with them and lay down glacial material in the riverbed.

What is climate?

The long-term patterns of temperature and precipitation.

What is weather?

The day-to-day readings of temperature and precipitation, wind speed, and barometric pressure.

What factors affect climate?

Latitude, ocean currents, wind, elevation, relief, and water bodies.

How does latitude affect climate?

As latitude increases, the sun’s rays travel further and hit a certain area and the farther away from the equator, less energy is reaching the ground

How do ocean currents affect climate?

Warm currents cause warmer climates, while cold currents cause cooler climates.

How does wind affect climate?

Warm air masses cause warmer climates, and cold air masses cause cooler climates.

How does elevation affect climate?

As altitude increases, the corresponding temperature of air decreases. As warm moist air rises, its temperature cools causing condensation

How does relief affect climate?

On the windward side, air rises and cools, leading to condensation; on the leeward side, air descends and warms.

How does water affect climate?

In summer, water keeps air temperatures cool; in winter, it prevents temperatures from getting too cold.

What are the different types of precipitation seen in Canada?

Frontal, relief, and convectional precipitation.

What is frontal precipitation?

Occurs along the polar front, where warmer air is forced to rise over colder air.

What is relief precipitation?

Occurs when moist air is forced to rise over an elevated area.

What is convectional precipitation?

Responsible for most parts of Canada receiving more precipitation in the summer than in winter.