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Vector space axioms
x + y ∈ V
x + y = y + x
x + (y + z) = (x + y) + z
x + 0 = x
x + (-1)x = 0
kx ∈ V
k(x + y) = kx + ky
(k + l)x = kx + lx
k(lx) = (kl)x
1x = x
Set types
Rn = [a1, a2, …, an]
Rmxn is a matrix
Pn = a0 + a1x + … + anxn
C[a, b] is all continuous functions over a & b
Notation

Subspaces
W is subspace of V (W ⊆ V) if:
0 ∈ W
w1 + w2 ∈ W
kw ∈ W
Basis
Set of vectors of V is a basis if:
{v1, v2, …, vn} is linearly independant
span{v1, v2, …, vn} = V
Span
span{v1, v2, …, vn} = {k1v1, k2v2, …, knvn | k1, k2, …, kn ∈ R}
if V = span{S} and S ⊆ V, then S spans V.
Dimension of basis
Number of vectors in a basis is called its dimension.
dim(Rn) = n
dim(Mmxn) = m x n
dim(Pn) = n + 1