Parsing Guidelines and Verb Conjugation

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to parsing verbs, nouns, and adjectives in Latin, along with principal parts and verb conjugation systems.

Person

Indicates whether the subject is 1st (I/We), 2nd (You/Y'all), or 3rd (He/She/It/They).

Tense

The time of the action: Present, Future, Imperfect, Perfect, Pluperfect, Future Perfect.

Mood

The manner of the action: Indicative (declarative), Imperative (command), Subjunctive (potential/uncertainty).

Voice

Indicates the subject's relationship to the verb: Active (subject performs action) and Passive (subject receives action).

Gender

Refers to Nouns and Adjectives: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter.

Number

Refers to whether the subject is Singular (one) or Plural (multiple).

Case

Noun's function in the sentence: Nominative (subject), Genitive (possession), Dative (indirect object), Accusative (direct object), Ablative (prepositional), Vocative (address).

Principal Parts of the verb 'videō'

1. videō - 'I see', 2. videre - 'to see', 3. vidi - 'I saw/have seen', 4. vīsus - 'having been seen'.

Present Active Indicative Endings (Singular)

1st: -ō, 2nd: -s, 3rd: -t.

First Declension Noun Endings (Singular)

Nominative: -a, Genitive: -ae, Dative: -ae, Accusative: -am, Ablative: -ā.

Perfect Active System of 'to be'

Indicative: sum (I am), eram (I was), erō (I will be).

Conditional Sentences

Different forms based on the tense used in both protasis and apodosis of the sentence.

Sequence of Tenses

The relationship of the tense in main verbs to those in subordinate verbs.

Subjunctive Mood

Used for uncertainty, wishes, commands; occurs in present and imperfect forms.

Mixed Conditional

Combines elements of past contrary to fact with present or future implications.

Perfect Passive Construction

Uses forms of 'to be' with the past participle to indicate a completed action received by the subject.