HID - MYANMAR

Theraveda Buddhism

"the way of the elders", insists that it adheres to the original Buddha's teachings

Pyu cities

first Buddhist civilizations in SE Asia

Yinbyin

shallow, circular, stepped plinths

Aras

compounds

Mok

4 cardinal gates

Harmika

decorated cubical die, above which is a circular pointed spire

Hti

honorific umbrellas

Shwezigon Stupa

the most 'national' of all Burma's pagodas, prototype for the form and decoration of subsequent Burmese stupas

Pyatthat

intricately Burmese roof made of layers

Tazaungs

Burmese style open pavilion

Chinthes

gigantic brick and stucco guardian lions

Manoukthiha

double-bodied lion

Makara

Hindu sea dragons

Nats

Indigenous spirits worshipped in pre-Buddhist Burma

Thagyamin (Sakka)

King of the Nats

"perfumed chamber" (gandhakuti)

Four statues of the Buddha in a standing posture at each of the four cardinal points

Pagan Stupas

Larger proportions and pyramidal shape of terraced base, Bell like dome with shoulder and concavity at the base

SEA Pagoda

cone-shaped monumental structure

Paya

general, umbrella term refers to pagodas

Zedi

solid, bell-shaped stupas

Pato

hollow square or rectangular buildings built to resemble caves

Shwedagon in Rangoon

the focal point of Buddhism in Myanmar, Created as a repository of relics of four previous Buddhas

Mon Temples

one storey

Ananda Temple

Transitional type, creates the appearance of two floors

Ananda Temple

Greek cross-shaped plan

Burmese type Temples

development of a true second floor

Burmese Painting

Panchi

murals

floral patterns

Palm Leaf Manuscript

for sketches

Kanote

floral curlicues

Nari

portrait drawing of men

Gaza

style of depicting elephants, horses, etc.

Kapi

technique of drawing apes and the like

Parabeik Painting

Traditional painting on paper made from tree bark or bamboo pulp

Pantamault

sculpting with stone

Panbu

sculpting with wood, ivory or similar material

Maha Muni

largest golden Buddha, with 2 tons of gold layered

Kyauk Taw Gyi

largest stone Buddha, from solid alabaster

Shwe Tha Lyaung

largest and oldest reclining Buddha statue

Chinthe

leonine creature with flaming mane and body

Chinthe

national symbol of Burma.

Manukthiha

bodies of two lions with a single head

Kinnara (male) or Kinnari (female)

human with avian characteristics in adoring pairs and are considered the "Love birds" of the Himavanta Forest

Hamsa

duck of fidelity holding a branch

Pantain

gold or silversmithing

Panbe

blacksmithing

Pantin

producing items from copper bronze or brass

Thitsi

Lacquer, unique terracotta color

Lapidary

gem-cutting

Panpoot

Lathe woodwork

Pantaut

stucco sculpture

Panyan

masonry