TRANSITION METALS - colours and observations

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Last updated 12:01 PM on 5/21/26
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26 Terms

1
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colour + equation of complex for Fe (II) in aq state

  • green solution

  • [Fe(H2O)6]2+

2
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colour + equation of complex for Cu (II) in aq state

  • blue solution

  • [Cu(H2O)6]2+

3
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colour + equation of complex for Fe (III) in aq state

  • purple solution

  • [Fe(H2O)6]3+

note: solution may look yellow due to [Fe(H2O)5(OH)]2+

4
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colour + equation of complex for Al (III) in aq state

  • colourless solution

  • [Al(H2O)6]3+

5
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observation + equation when NaOH (aq) is added into Fe (II)

  • green ppt

  • [Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 2OH- → Fe(H2O)4(OH)2 (s) + 2H2O

6
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observation + equation when NaOH (aq) is added into Cu (II)

  • blue ppt

  • [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 2OH- → Cu(H2O)4(OH)2 (s) + 2H2O

7
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observation + equation when NaOH (aq) is added into Fe (III)

  • brown ppt

  • [Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3OH- → Fe(H2O)3(OH)3 (s) + 3H2O

8
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observation + equation when NaOH (aq) is added into Al (III)

  • white ppt

  • [Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3OH- → Al(H2O)3(OH)3 (s) + 3H2O

9
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observation + equation when excess NaOH is added to Fe (II)

no further change

10
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observation + equation when excess NaOH is added to Cu (II)

no further change

11
New cards

observation + equation when excess NaOH is added to Fe (III)

no further change

12
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observation + equation when excess NaOH is added to Al (III)

  • white ppt redissolves to form colourless solution

  • Al(H2O)3(OH)3 + OH- → [Al(OH)4]- (aq) + 3H2O

13
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observations + equation when NH3 is added to Fe (II)

  • green ppt

  • [Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 2NH3 → Fe(H2O)4(OH)2 (s) + 2NH4+

14
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observations + equation when NH3 is added to Cu (II)

  • blue ppt

  • [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 2NH3 → Cu(H2O)4(OH)2 (s) + 2NH4+

15
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observations + equation when NH3 is added to Fe (III)

  • brown ppt

  • [Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3 → Fe(H2O)3(OH)3 (s) + 3NH4+

16
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observations + equation when NH3 is added to Al (III)

  • white ppt

  • [Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3 → Al(H2O)3(OH)3 (s) + 2NH4+

17
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observations + equation when excess NH3 is added to Fe (II)

no further change

18
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observations + equation when excess NH3 is added to Cu (II)

  • dark/deep blue solution

  • Cu(H2O)4(OH)2  + 4NH3 → [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+ (aq) + 2H2O + 2OH-

19
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observations + equation when NH3 is added to Fe (III)

no further change

20
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observations + equation when NH3 is added to Al (III)

no further change

21
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observations + equations when Na2CO3 is added to Fe (II)

  • green ppt

  • [Fe(H2O)6]2+ + CO32- → FeCO3 (s) + 6H2O

22
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observations + equations when Na2CO3 is added to Cu (II)

  • blue-green ppt

  • [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + CO32- → CuCO3 (s) + 6H2O

23
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observations + equations when Na2CO3 is added to Fe (III)

  • brown ppt (may look orange-brown)

  • bubbling as CO2 is produced

  • 2[Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3CO32- → 2Fe(H2O)3(OH)3 (s) + 3H2O + 3CO2

24
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observations + equations when Na2CO3 is added to Al (III)

  • white ppt

  • bubbling as CO2 is produced

  • 2[Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3CO32- → 2Al(H2O)3(OH)3 (s) + 3H2O + 3CO2

25
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observations + equations when HCl is added to Fe (II)

  • yellow-green solution

  • [Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl- → [FeCl4]2- (aq) + 6H2O

26
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observations + equations when HCl is added to Cu (II)

  • green solution

  • [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl- → [CuCl4]2- (aq) + 6H2O