Consequences of/opposition to the Reformation - also see dissolution fcs for more info on consequences

Also see POG fcs in different set

What is one example of high-profile opposition to religious changes?

Thomas More, who was executed after refusing to take the Oath of Supremacy

What evidence is there to suggest that there wasn’t that much resistance from the clergy towards H8’s changes?

The bulk of the clergy went along with the 1532 submission of the clergy

What fears did the closure of monasteries and the attacks on Catholicism provoke?

Fears that the parish churches would be attacked to

What was a social impact of the dissolution? (education)

Monastic schools were lost

What was a social impact of the dissolution? (unemployment)

7000 monks were pensioned off, which ended up costing £44,000 a year. Many of the people employed by the monasteries struggled to find employment after, causing a rise in vagabondage

What is one example of the people opposing the dissolution?

At Hexham in Northumberland, royal commissioners were prevented from beginning the process of dissolution by a gathering of armed men

Who was the Holy Maid of Kent?

Elizabeth Barton, was a young nun who had experienced visions of the Virgin Mary. Was under the spiritual guidance of Edward Bocking

In what way was the HMOK quite powerful before she started prophecising against Henry?

Archbishop Warham and Bishop Fisher had attested to her pious life, she had even met with Henry and Wolsey who accepted her because her prophecies supported the existing order

What prophecies did the HMOK start having in 1532?

She started prophecising that if the king divorced CofA, he would die within a few months

What can be used to suggest that the HMOK was not really opposing the changes herself

It was suggested that her “prophecies” were fabricated to please Bocking, her spiritual advisor, who was firmly against the changes. She admitted under torture that her visions were made up

What happened to the HMOK?

she was executed for treason in 1534 on the same day that the Oath of Supremacy was being taken - perhaps designed as warning for what happens if people didn’t take oath

What is an early example of Bishop Fisher’s resistance?

He openly supported CofA

How was Fisher’s opposition on an international level?

He was in contact with CV and encouraged him to more strongly oppose H’s changes

What was Fisher’s initial punishments?

Fined £300 and later imprisoned in ToLondon for his support of the HMOK

What happened to Fisher in the end?

He was executed for refusing to take the Oath of Supremacy

What were the two monastic orders that most strongly opposed the religious changes?

Franciscans and Carthusians

What were the main things that the Franciscans and Carthusians opposed?

BWR and AoSupremacy

How many of the Franciscans and Carthusians were executed following the 1534 Treason Act?

18

Why were the Franciscans a particular threat to Henry?

They were very well respected in London and their friary was quite close to H’s palace in Greenwich. Possible their controversial ideas would then spread

Why were the Carthusians less of a threat?

They were divided and had differing opinions of what form their opposition should take

What can be said overall about the threat of the Franciscans and Carthusians?

It was easy for Cromwell to contain (notably the executions)

How many executions were there following the 1534 Treason Act?

300

What can be used to argue the threat of Thomas More wasn’t overwhelming?

he never openly spoke out against the act of succession except at his trial, just refused to take the oath