NUR 340 Chapter 4 Health of the Individual, Family, and Community

Flashcards covering Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, family structures and functions, and community/environmental health factors based on Nursing 340 lecture notes.

Basic Human Needs

Needs common to all people, the fulfillment of which is essential for health and survival and involves both physiologic and psychosocial components.

Physiologic Needs

The most essential needs that must be met at least minimally to maintain life, including oxygen, water, food, elimination, temperature, sexuality, physical activity, and rest.

Physiological Needs - nursing interventions

Assessing:

• skin color and turgor

• vital signs

• intake and output

• patient weight

• nutritional status

• sexual health

Safety and Security Needs

The second priority in Maslow’s hierarchy, involving physical protection from harm and emotional security, such as spiritual practices or independent decision-making.

Safety and Security Needs - nursing interventions

• Physical

  • handwashing to prevent infection

  • 5 rights of medication administration

• Emotional

  • encouraging spiritual practices to provide hope

  • allow independent decision making as appropriate

  • explaining new and unfamiliar procedures and treatments

Love and Belonging Needs

Higher-level needs involving the understanding and acceptance of others, giving and receiving love, and belonging to groups like families, peers, or communities.

Love and Belonging Needs - nursing interventions

• including family and friends in patient care

• est. a trusting nurse-patient relationship

• referring patients to support groups

Self-esteem Needs

The need for a person to feel pride, accomplishment, and confidence, and to believe that others respect and appreciate their accomplishments.

Self-esteem Needs - nursing interventions

• respecting patients values/beliefs

• encouraging attainable goals

• facilitating support from family/significant others

Self-actualization Needs

The highest level on Maslow's hierarchy, characterized by the acceptance of self and others, objectivity, creativity, and focusing on patient strengths rather than problems.

Self-actualization Needs - nursing interventions

• focus on patients strengths rather than problems

• provide a sense of direction and hope

• provide teachingn aimed at maximizing potentials

Family

Any group of two or more people who live together and depend on one another for physical, emotional, and financial support.

Nuclear Family

A traditional family structure consisting of two parents and their children.

Extended Family

A family structure that includes aunts, uncles, and grandparents.

Blended Family

A family structure formed by two parents and their unrelated children from previous relationships.

Single-parent Family

A family type where the parent may be separated, divorced, widowed, or never married.

Cohabitating Adults

Unmarried adults living together, which may include communal or group marriages.

Affective and Coping Function

A family function that provides emotional comfort to members and helps them guide problem-solving.

Socialization Function

A family function involving the transmission of beliefs, values, attitudes, and coping mechanisms.

Psychosocial Risk Factors

Risks for altered family health such as inadequate childcare for a preschool child when both parents are working.

Community

A specific population or group of people living in the same geographic area under similar regulations and having common values, interests, and needs.

Environmental Health

Aspects of human health determined by physical, chemical, biologic, and psychosocial factors in the environment, including air quality and climate change.