A level Bio Gas exchange in multicellular
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23 Terms
What type of organism is an insect?
a multicellular organism
What is a gas exchange surface?
Parts of the body specialised for gas exchange
What type of gas exchange system does an insect use?
The tracheal system
Describe the tracheal system!
Its a network of small tubes of tracheoles that carry oxygen around the body.
What are spiracles?
Openings along the thorak and abdomen
What are the roles of the spiracles?
Gases like oxygen diffuse through the spiracles and into the tracheoles and gases like carbon dioxide diffuse out of the spiracles
Describe the efficiency of the tracheal system!
The tracheal system is the most efficient gas exchange system in active animals
What type of organism is a fish?
Multicellular
Do fish use gas exchange systems?
Yes
How is a fishes exchange system different to an insects?
They are able to obtain oxygen from water.
What type of gas exchange surface does a fish have?
Gills
Describe gills!
They are filaments of thin tissue that are highly branched and folded
The structure of the gills make a large surface area for gas exchange
Gills are covered in lamellae which also increase its surface area
How does a fish get their oxygen?
As oxygen enters the gills it diffuses into the bloodstream
What system allows oxygen to enter the blood of a fish?
The counter current system
What is the counter current system?
Where blood flows through the lamellae in the opposite direction of the flow of water through the gills
What does the counter current system ensure?
The counter current system ensures there is always a steep concentration gradient between the water and the blood
What type of organism is a plant
multicellular organism
Where are the gas exchange systems in a plant located?
In the leaves
Where does gas exchange take place in a plant?
The mesophyll cells
Describe Mesophyll cells
The mesophyll cells create sites of photosynthesis
They have a large surface area to exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen faster
In a leaf where is mesophyll located?
The middle layer
What is the role of stomata in the plants?
This is where carbon dioxide diffuses into plant leaves through the pores
Describe the guard cells?
They control the water
They are located on either side of the stomata
It opens and closes the stomata to control the water