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Scientific Revolution
Scientific Revolution
The intellectual movement in Europe, initially associated with planetary motion and other aspects of physics, that by the seventeenth century had laid the groundwork for modern science.
scientific method
A series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions.
Francis Bacon
developed the scientific method and inductive reasoning (make observations and use that to come to general conclusions).
Rene Descartes
wrote Discourse on Method; "i think therefore i am" --using deductive reasoning, using a general statement and applying strict logic to draw conclusions.
Isaac Newton
Defined the laws of motion and gravity. Tried to explain motion of the universe.
natural law
General principles of about the way the world works based on mathematical proofs. Example: Newton's universal law of gravity.
mathematics
a science of structure and order that developed from counting and measurement.
astronomy
the study of the universe beyond Earth, including the sun, moon, planets, and stars
cosmology
The branch of astronomy concerned with the origins and structure of the universe (such as what the Webb telescope is currently doing!)
Nicolaus Copernicus
Polish astronomer who proposed a heliocentric model of the universe in 1500s
heliocentric
A model of the solar system in which Earth and the other planets revolve around the sun
Johannes Kepler
German astronomer who first stated laws of planetary motion
Galileo Galilei
Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars and to use observations to prove heliocentric theory.
telescope
A device built to observe distant objects by making them appear closer
Galen
Ancient Greek anatomist whose theories formed the basis of European medicine until the Scientific Revolution disproved them.
Paracelsus
He followed a chemical philosophy that a human body was a small replica of the larger world. He used chemical remedies that went for each sickness, He is associated with diagnosis and treatment of disease.
Andreas Vesalius
a Flemish surgeon who is considered the father of modern anatomy.
William Harvey
English physician and scientist who described the circulation of the blood
alchemy
Traditional medieval chemistry; attempt to change base metal into gold
astrology
Traditional view (still popular as a recreational hobby) Theory of the influence of planets and stars on human events
Newtonian World Machine
The universe is like a mechanical clock, its gears governed by the laws of physics, making every aspect of the machine predictable (concept destroyed by chaos of World War I).
geocentric
in the Middle Ages, the earth-centered view of the universe in which scholars believed that the earth was an immovable object located at the center of the universe
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