History Final

He was President for most of the 1950s

Dwight Eisenhower

This is a perennial Democratic candidate of the 1950s who lost both presidential elections

Adlai Stevenson

He was the Vice President from 1953 to 1961

Richard Nixon

What was the Checkers Speech?

The vice presidential candidate’s televised appeal to quell rumors of financial scandal

What is Modern Republicanism?

Maintained most the New Deal without expanding it

True or False: For millions of Americans in the 1950s, the American Dream, an egalitarian society and material prosperity, became a reality. Within their reach was the chance to have a house on their own land, a car, a dog, and two or more children

True

What was the baby boom

From 1945 to 1960, low unemployment / high wages led to the growth of families

Who were the big three automakers during the 1950s

Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler

What outgrowth of The Interstate Highway Act came to characterize the 1950s for many Americans?

Growth of the suburbs

His name is synonymous with affordable, mass produced housing in the 1950s

William Levitt

Most agree that all these terms characterize the 1950s EXCEPT:

Individualism

Perhaps no phenomenon shaped American life in the 1950s more than this

Television

This program topped the rating charts in the 1950s

I Love Lucy

This western television show ran longer than any other prime-time drama television show

Gunsmoke

This television show was the king of variety shows for the 1950s and through the 1960s

Ed Sullivan

Contestant shows were very big in the 1950s. In one show it was determined that this individual was fed the answers. The plow was undertaken for ratings, until the scandal was uncovered

Charles Van Doren

He was considered Mr. Television in the 1950s

Milton Berle

The six o’clock news became a mainstay in the 1950s. He was considered one of the era’s most respected and popular newscasters

Edward R. Murrow

True or False: During the 1950s, most households owned more than one television, so viewing became a more individualized event with youngsters watching childrens programming and adults watching the 6:00pm news

False

Parents of the 1950s grew up listening to the likes of this well known performer

Frank Sinatra

This Cleveland disc jockey is credited with coining the phrase “rock and roll”

Alan Freed

Which choice below best describes the roots of Rock n’ Roll

All the above: African American, Blues, Gospel, Rhythm and Blues

He was one of many early Rock n Roll Black American artists

Chuck Berry

Most consider him the most popular rock n roll star of the 1950s

Elvis Presley

During the 1950s this animated character warned American children everywhere to “duck and cover” in the event of a nuclear blast

Bert the Turtle

Which choice below best describes “third world countries”?

All the above

This country was newly formed in 1948, and was promptly attacked by Arab nations

Israel

He was the Egyptian President in 1956

Gamal Abdel Nasser

What did the leader of Egypt do when the United States withdrew its pledge to help him construct the Aswan Dam?

Nationalized the Suez Canal

What was the Eisenhower Doctrine?

Pledged U.S. support to Middle East governments fighting communist insurgencies

This term best describes the U.S foreign policy (pursuing an issue to the point of a military exchange) under the Eisenhower administration

Brinkmanship

The U.S. employed the above foreign policy approach when China threatened to take over the Taiwanese islands of and Matsu. How did China respond?

Shelled the islands, but did not them takeover

This communist revolutionary successfully defeated the French colonial army to create the new nation of Vietnam

Ho Chi Minh

This person sold nuclear secrets to the Soviet Union and was sentenced to death

Julius Rosenberg

When the Iranian Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadegh nationalized British Petroleum, fearing Soviet influence in the powerful oil nation, the CIA recruited a phony mob to drive off Mossadegh and return this American-backed person to power

Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

When this person came to power in Guatemala, he promised to relieve the nation’s impoverished farmers, by seizing land held by the American-owned United Fruit company and redistributing it to the peasants. With the support of American air power, a CIA-backed band of mercenaries overthrew this leader and established a military dictatorship

Jacobo Arbenz

During the 1950’s the U.S. adopted this policy with the Soviet Union, whereby any attack by the Soviets on the U.S. or its allies could be met with nuclear force

Massive Retaliation

When the Hungarians asked for United States help, what did the U.S. do?

Nothing

What did the Soviet Union do in 1957 that greatly concerned the United States?

Put the Sputnik satellite into orbit

How did the U.S. respond?

National Defense Education Act

The American U-2 plane pilot was shot down by the Soviets while he flew over the U.S.S.R. in 1960

Gary Powers

Why did the Soviet Union cancel their summit conference with the U.S.?

All of the above

In 1952, this author wrote the Invisible Man, which pinpointed American indifference to the plight of African Americans

Ralph Ellison

This group of writers reviled the 1950’s middle-class materialism, racism, and uniformity

The Beat Generation

He may be the most famous of the above writers

Jack Kerouac

The notion of the white-collar, executive-track, male employee was condemned in Sloan Wilson’s fiction story by this title

The Man in the Gray Flannel Suit

Starring in a “Rebel without a Cause,” he was the premier “delinquent” of the 1950s

James Dean

This author published a study that revealed a much greater prevalence of premarital sex, extramarital affairs, and homosexuality than mainstream public discourse would have suggested

Alfred Kinsey

In President Eisenhower’s Farewell Address he warned against this relationship prevalent in the government

Industrial military complex

The 1955 film, REBEL WITHOUT A CAUSE", took place in

an affluent (wealthy) suburb

This “war” was carried out from approximately 1945 to 1990 between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. Direct confrontation was avoided whenever possible

Cold War

In the post WWII years the Soviet Union had issue with the U.S. for the following reason(s)

All the above

All of the following statements about the Yalta Conference (Feb 1945) are true EXCEPT:

The United States announced they now had an Atomic Bomb developed

Winston Churchill referred to the Communist control of Eastern Europe as this, in a speech he delivered in the U.S. during the late 1940s

Iron Curtain

This term references the countries aligned with and / or under Soviet control in the post- WWII era

Satellites

These were the 4 countries that would control Germany temporarily after WWII

U.S, Great Britain, France, and the Soviet Union

This organization was formed after WWII for the purpose of talking through problems rather than resorting to military action

The United Nations

In the above organization, this entity authorizes any actions, such as economic sanctions, the use of force, or the deployment of peacekeeping troops

Security Council

All of the following countries make up the permanent members of the above entity:

U.S., Great Britain, France, China, and the Soviet Union

True or False: The remaining ten seats of this chief decision-making body, or peace-keeping organization, are elected to two-year terms

True

True or False: In a dispute, No action can be implemented, or go forth, if any one of the five permanent members object

True

This part of the national peace keeping organization is often reference as this;

The “upper house”

True or False: The above organization of the peace keeping organization can overturn the permanent members’ decisions with a 2/3 vote

False

An international Court of Justice can do the following:

Help settle disputes between submitting nations in accordance with international law

Does the United Nations still exist today?

Yes

These three countries made up the Axis Powers

Japan, Italy, Germany

WWII can be grouped into these two theaters

Pacific / European

He was named Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe

Dwight Eisenhower

He was Germany’s Desert Fox, (a knick-name) a brilliant and crafty military leader, whom the Allies feared would take the Suez Canal

Erwin Rommel

Hitler attacked this country to his East in June, 1941. Hitler expected this country to rejoice in this “liberation.” He was surprised by their reaction

Soviet Union

In the early winter of 1943, this city proved to be too difficult for the Germans to take. This German loss (at the cost of many Russian lives) would mark one of many WWII turning points where the Germans would now be put on the defensive rather than offensive

Stalingrad

True or False: Though the Allies saw Italy as the “soft underbelly” of Europe, German defenses were formidable. Even when the European war ended in May 1945, the Allies had failed to capture much of Italy

False

By the end of the war, the U.S. armed services rose to this number

12,000,000

Prodded by the First Lady, President Roosevelt created women’s auxiliary forces for the army, navy, air force, and Coast Gaurd. Which of the following is inaccurate?

All the above are properly aligned

This female character beckoned housewives to leave the home and enter the nations factories. About 6.5 million females entered the workforce during the war years, many for the first time

Rosie the Riveter

All of the following were examples of how the government raised money or conserve resources to support the war effort EXCEPT:

Book bans

What did the “V” mean during WWII

Victory in war

What did “VV” mean during WWII

Victory over racism

This person organized a massive demonstration in Washing to protest unequal access to defense jobs and segregation in the military

A Phillip Randolph

To avoid the march on Washington, Franklin Roosevelt passed Executive Order 8802. What did it do

Prohibited discrimination in war industries but not in the armed forces

By June, 1944, the Allies were ready to undertake the greatest invasion of all time against the Germans. Where was this invasion aimed primarily

Normandy

What was this invasion called

Operation Overload

At what specific location did the Allies experience the greatest resistance during the June, 1944 invasion?

Omaha Beach

While D-Day came at a great cost to the Allies, they pushed toward Germany relatively quickly afterwards. Hitler launched a final unsuccessful counteroffensive in December 1944 which resulted in this battle

Battle of the Bulge

The Soviets and Americans joined forces at this location on April 25, 1945

Elbe River

The first number of days in President Roosevelts administration are arguably the most active in United States History. This would set a high benchmark for future presidents

One-hundred

Two days after taking the oath of office, Roosevelt declared a bank Holiday and then passed the Emergency Banking Act. What did this do?

Reopened banks that were solvent, assisted those that were not, and closed others

On June 16, 1933 Roosevelt passed the Glass-Seagull Banking Reform Act. What did this do?

Established Federal deposit Insurance Corporation

What was the FDIC designed to do?

Insures bank depositors money up to a certain amount

Roosevelts New Deal strategy involved the three R’s. What were they in their proper order?

Relief, Recovery, Reform

What did the Federal Emergency Relief Act do?

Gave billions to state and local governments for direct relief payments to citizens

What was the most common concern over FERA

Stifled the initiative of Americans seeking paying jobs

How was the Civilian Conservation Corps different from FERA

Shifted government efforts to work-relief programs

This was the largest relief program aimed at helping farmers by using artificial forces to raise their produce and livestock prices

Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

True or False: The public and press supported all of the New Deal programs

False

This act allowed any farmer to buy back a lost farm at a low price over six years at only one percent

The Frazier-Lemke Farm Bankruptcy Act

In 1933, only 50% of American farms were powered by electricity

False

This act established a United States government sponsored pension system

The Social Security Act of 1935

She (and others) penned the above pension program act and was the first female to hold a presidential cabinet position (Secretary of Labor)

Frances Perkins

This act allowed each industry to draw up a code setting production quotas, limiting hours of operation. Once the President approved each code, pressure was put on each business to comply

National Recovery Act