2017 module 4 part 2

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering health care principles, specific mental health disorders, acquired brain injuries, addiction, and management strategies based on the HLTH 2017 Module 4 lecture notes.

Team

A group that is working together for a common purpose, combining their knowledge, experience, and skills to achieve goals.

Acquired Brain Injuries (ABI)

Any type of sudden injury that causes temporary or permanent damage to the brain, which can result from trauma, stroke, tumour, lack of oxygen, or illness.

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

A severe, chronic, disabling brain disorder where a person cannot tell what is real from what is imagined, affecting 1% of the Canadian population.

Psychosis

A condition where an individual's perception of reality is impaired.

Delusions

A false belief held by an individual.

Delusions of grandeur

Exaggerated belief of one's importance, wealth, power, or talents.

Delusions of persecution

A false belief that one is being mistreated, abused, or harassed.

Hallucination

Seeing, hearing, smelling, or feeling something that is not real.

Paranoia

Extreme suspicion toward others.

Bipolar & related Disorders

Also known as manic-depressive illness, characterized by unusual shifts in mood, energy, and ability to function, including emotional lows and highs.

Acute Phase (Bipolar Disorder)

The phase where symptoms are escalating; the HCA should observe for behavior changes and provide a safe, consistent environment.

Continuation Phase (Bipolar Disorder)

The phase where symptoms are present and treatment has started.

Maintenance Phase (Bipolar Disorder)

The phase where acute symptoms have subsided; clients may stop taking meds because they believe they are healed.

Mania

A state characterized by increased energy, restlessness, extreme irritability, racing thoughts, and a decreased need for sleep.

Psychotherapy

A treatment that explores thoughts, feelings, and behaviours with help and guidance from a mental health specialist.

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

A treatment that alters brain chemicals by sending an electrical current to the brain.

Anxiety

A vague or uneasy feeling in response to stress.

Panic Disorder

An intense and sudden feeling of fear, anxiety, terror, or dread with a sudden onset and no obvious reason.

Agoraphobia

A fear of open, crowded, or public places.

Claustrophobia

A fear of small, enclosed places.

PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder)

A disorder that can develop after being harmed or seeing a harmful event, characterized by reliving trauma/flashbacks, avoidance of triggers, and increased arousal.

Obsession

A persistent thought or desire.

Compulsion

An uncontrollable urge to perform an act.

Anorexia Nervosa

A feeding and eating disorder involving the refusal to maintain minimal body weight within 15% of normal, an intense fear of gaining weight, and a distorted body image.

Bulimia Nervosa

A disorder where the client eats large amounts of food and then purges to prevent weight gain through vomiting, laxatives, enemas, or intense exercise.

Pica

The practice of eating substances without nutritional value, such as clay, sand, or ice.

Insomnia

A sleep disorder characterized by a lack of sleep; it is the most common sleep disorder.

Hypersomnolence

A sleep-wake disorder characterized by excessive sleep.

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A disorder involving defiant, disobedient, and hostile behaviour towards authority figures beyond acceptable misbehaviour for the child's age.

Intermittent Explosive Disorder

A disorder characterized by recurrent behavioural outbursts and a failure to control aggressive impulses.

Conduct Disorders

Disorders where individuals violate the personal or property rights of others and society, often involving bullying, lying, or substance abuse.

Psychological Addiction

A type of dependence where a person feels he or she needs the substance.

Physiological Addiction

A type of dependence where the person's body becomes accustomed to exposure and requires more of the substance to achieve the same effect.

Drug Tolerance

The condition of needing larger amounts of a substance to get the same effect.

Drug Withdrawal

The body’s reaction when a substance to which it is addicted is stopped.

Personality Disorders

A group of disorders involving rigid and socially unacceptable behaviours, self-centeredness, and problems relating to others.

DIPPS

An acronym for Dignity, Independence, Preferences, Privacy, and Safety used to guide compassionate care and de-escalate crisis situations.

ABCD Model

A model for preventing and managing behaviours: A-Antecedent / Activating event, B-Type of Behaviour, C-Consequences of Behaviour, D-Decision to decrease behavior and to debrief.