Lab Values and Analysis

Flashcards covering key lab values and their definitions as found in medical lab studies.

mEq/L

Milliequivalents per liter, a unit measuring the concentration of electrolytes in a fluid.

g/dL

Grams per deciliter, a metric unit of measure used in blood tests for concentration.

WBC

White Blood Cell, normal range is 5,000-10,000 mm³.

RBC

Red Blood Cell, normal range Female 4.2-5.4 M/uL, Male 4.7-6.1 M/uL.

Hemoglobin

Normal range Female 12-16 g/dL, Male 14-18 g/dL.

Hematocrit

Percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells: Female 37-47%, Male 42-52%.

ESR

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, normal is less than 20 mm/hr.

Albumin

A protein in blood; normal range is 3.5-5.0 g/dL.

Total Protein

Normal range is 6.0-8.0 g/dL, indicates overall protein level in blood.

Cholesterol

Normal is less than 200 mg/dL, a measure of blood fat.

HDL

High-Density Lipoprotein, desirable levels are greater than 55 mg/dL for Females and 45 mg/dL for Males.

LDL

Low-Density Lipoprotein, desirable level is less than 130 mg/dL.

Triglycerides

Normal level is less than 150 mg/dL, a type of fat found in the blood.

Ammonia

Normal range is 10-80 mcg/dL, elevated in liver disease.

Total Bilirubin

Normal range is 0.1-1.0 mg/dL, elevated in liver disease.

Fasting Blood Sugar

Normal is 70-105 mg/dL, elevated in diabetes mellitus.

Sodium

Normal range is 136-145 mEq/L, critical for fluid balance.

Potassium

Normal range is 3.5-5.0 mEq/L, essential for cell function.

Chloride

Normal range is 98-106 mEq/L, helps maintain acid-base balance.

Calcium

Normal range is 9-10.5 mg/dL, vital for bone health.

Phosphate

Normal range is 3.0-4.5 mg/dL, involved in energy transfer.

Magnesium

Normal range is 1.3-2.1 mg/dL, important for muscle and nerve function.

BUN

Blood Urea Nitrogen, normal range is 10-20 mg/dL.

Creatinine

Normal range Female 0.5-1.1 mg/dL; Male 0.6-1.2 mg/dL, assess kidney function.

Creatinine Clearance Test

Best indicator of overall renal function, normal range Female: 80-125 mL/min, Male: 90-139 mL/min.

Urinalysis Specific Gravity

Normal range is 1.005-1.030, assesses urine concentration.

Urine pH

Normal range 4.6-8.0, indicates acid-base status of urine.

Urine WBC

Normal range Female: 0-5 HPF, Male: 0-3 HPF, indicates urinary infection.

aPTT

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, normal range is 30-40 seconds.

PTT

Partial Thromboplastin Time, normal is 60-70 seconds.

PT

Prothrombin Time, normal range is 11-12.5 seconds.

INR

International Normalized Ratio, normal range is 0.8-1.1.