Congitive Impairment week 7

Vocabulary practice covering key concepts, stages of Alzheimer's, and models of care for cognitive impairment and dementia.

Cognition

Higher brain functions including intelligence, learning, judgment, reasoning, knowledge, understanding, and memory.

Cognitive impairment

A disruption in higher brain functions that results in confusion.

Five "Ds" of Confusion

Damage, Delirium, Dementia, Depression, and Deprivation.

Delirium

A change in consciousness that occurs quickly, may result in delusions or hallucinations, and is reversible if the cause is found and treated early.

Dementia

Loss of multiple abilities, including memory, language, and the ability to think and understand.

Primary Dementia

Dementia caused by Alzheimer’s disease.

Secondary Dementia

Dementia that occurs as a result of a disease, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Sundown syndrome

A group of behaviors characterized by confusion, agitation, and disruptive actions that occur in the late afternoon or evening.

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)

A progressive, degenerative disorder that affects brain cells and results in impaired memory, thinking, and behavior.

Early onset Alzheimer's

Alzheimer's disease that occurs before $65$ years of age.

Early stage Alzheimer’s

Stage involving loss of recent memory, inability to learn, process, and retain information, and language problems.

Intermediate stage Alzheimer’s

Stage characterized by the inability to recall any recent events or process new information.

Severe stage Alzheimer’s

Stage characterized by the inability to do anything.

End stage Alzheimer’s

Stage where coma and death can occur.

Need-Driven Dementia-Compromised Behavior Model

A model that views offensive behaviors as communications of unmet needs resulting from the interaction of background factors and proximal factors.

Proximal factors

Changeable environmental triggers used in the Need-Driven Dementia-Compromised Behavior Model.

Informal support groups

Support networks consisting of family members, friends, people at work, social groups, and faith communities.

Formal support groups

Support organizations including home care agencies, elder care centers, and hospices.