Motion and Force Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering the concepts of gravity, Coulombic force, and friction as presented in the Unit 2.2 Arkansas AIMS notes.

Gravity

A force where all objects are affected, and the amount of pull is determined by mass and distance between objects, though the force is constant.

Directly Proportional (Gravity)

The relationship between mass and gravity where both values increase or decrease together.

$$F_g$$

The symbol used to represent the force of gravitational attraction.

$$G$$

The universal gravitational constant.

$m_1$ and $m_2$

Representations for the masses of two objects in the gravitational force equation.

$$d^2$$

The squared value of the distance between two objects used in the gravitational force equation.

Gravitational Force Equation

$$F_g = G \frac{m_1 \times m_2}{d^2}$$

Inversely Proportional (Gravity)

The relationship between distance and gravity where one value increases while the other decreases.

Coulombic Force

The force of attraction or repulsion between two particles with electric charge, specifically applied to small particles like protons, electrons, and atoms.

Attractive Force (Coulombic)

A force occurs when small particles have opposite charges.

Repulsive Force (Coulombic)

A force occurs when small particles have the same charge.

Coulomb's Law Equation

$F_E = \frac{k q_1 q_2}{r^2}$, which calculates the electric force constant between charges.

Friction

A force thought to be caused by interactions between the tiny bumps on surfaces as they rub against each other.

Air resistance

Also known as drag, it is a kind of friction that opposes motion and occurs between air and another object.